Chapter 18 Altered Mental Status, Stroke. And Headache

Question 1

Altered Mental Status

Answer 1

Significant indication of injury or illness in a patient

Question 2

Coma

Answer 2

An unconscious state in which the patient does not respond to painful stimuli

Question 3

Dementia

Answer 3

Is a form of malfunctioning brain activity

Question 4

Delirium

Answer 4

Result in an altercation in mental status, but unlike dementia-which is a chronic condition- delirium presents with a more recent and sudden onset

Question 5

Neurologic Deficit

Answer 5

And deficiency in the functioning of the brain or nervous system

Question 6

Non-traumatic Brain Injury (Stroke)

Answer 6

Medical injury to the brain that is not related to trauma

Question 7

Ischemic Penumbra

Answer 7

Where brain cells are electrically silent form a lack of ATP but are still alive

Question 8

Thrombus

Answer 8

A clot that develops at the site of occlusion

Question 9

Thrombus

Answer 9

Process of clot formation

Question 10

Thrombotic Stroke

Answer 10

A stroke resulting from thrombus formation

Question 11

Embolus

Answer 11

A clot or other matter that has traveled from another area of the body

Question 12

Aneurysm

Answer 12

A ballooning of a weakened area within an artery wall

Question 13

Arteriovenous Malfunction (AVM)

Answer 13

A tangle of abnormally formed blood vessels in the brain or on the surface

Question 14

Aphasia

Answer 14

Communication disorder from damage to language areas in the brain

Question 15

Expressive Aphasia (nonfluent)

Answer 15

Also known as Broca’s aphasia, the patient knows exactly what he wants to say; however, he has trouble saying because he can’t form the right response in his brain or pick the correct words.

Question 16

Receptive Aphasia (fluent)

Answer 16

Known as Wernicke’s aphasia the person had difficulty understanding what you are asking or telling him

Question 17

Global Aphasia

Answer 17

Most severe, common after a stroke, the patient can neither understand nor speak

Question 18

Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA)

Answer 18

Mini strokes

Question 19

Cryptogenic Stroke

Answer 19

One that cannot be conclusively attributed to an embolism, originating from the heart, Thrombosis in an artery, or small artery disease despite extensive medical diagnostic testing

Question 20

Mobile Stroke Unit

Answer 20

A specialized ambulance that is capable of diagnosing and treating ischemic and hemorrhage strokes

Question 21

Vascular Headaches

Answer 21

These occur because of dilation or distention of vessels or inflammation within the cranium

Question 22

Migraine Headaches

Answer 22

Thought to be caused by spasm of vessels followed by vasodilation and change in the chemicals that transmit nervous impulses in the brain and can last from 4 to 72 hours

Question 23

Cluster Headaches

Answer 23

Headaches that occur repetitively, in clusters, and last from 15 minutes to 3 hours

Question 24

Tension Headaches

Answer 24

These are thought to be caused by contraction of the muscles of the neck and scalp and last >30 minutes (typically 40-6 hours)

Question 25

Organic Headaches

Answer 25

Also called traction or inflammatory headaches, these are not simply headache conditions but rather are symptoms of another condition.