Chapter 18 Vocab Part 2 Flashcards
(21 cards)
Outgroup
“Them” - those perceived as different or apart from one’s ingroup.
Ingroup
“Us” - people with whom one shares a common identity.
In-group Bias
The tendency to favor one’s own group.
Scapegoat Theory
The theory that prejudice offers an outlet for anger by presiding someone to blame.
Just-world phenomenon
The tendency of people to believe the world is just and that people therefore get what they deserve and deserve what they get.
Aggression
Any physical or verbal behavior intended to hurt or destroy.
Frustration-aggression Principle
The principle that frustration creates anger, which can generate aggression.
Conflict
A perceived incompatibility of actions, goals, or ideas.
Social Traps
A situation in which the conflicting parties, by each rationally pursuing their self-interest, become caught in mutually destructive behavior.
Mere-exposure effect
The phenomenon that repeated exposure to novel stimuli increases liking of them.
Passionate Love
An aroused state of intense positive absorption in another, usually present at the beginning of a love relationship.
Compassionate Love
The deep affectionate attachment we feel for those with whom our lives are intertwined.
Equity
A condition in which people receive from a relationship in proportion to what they give to it.
Self-Disclosure
Revealing intimate aspects of oneself to others.
Altruism
Unselfish regard for the welfare of others.
Bystander Effect
The tendency for any given bystander to be less likely to give aid if other bystanders are present.
Social Exchange Theory
The theory that our social behavior is an exchange process, the aim of which is to maximize benefits and minimize costs.
Reciprocity Norm
An expectation that people will help, not hurt, those who have helped them.
Social-responsibility Norm
An expectation that people will help those dependent upon them.
Superordinate Goals
Shared goals that override differences among people and require their cooperation.
GRIT
Graduated and Reciprocated Initiatives in Tension-Reduction - a strategy designed to decrease international tensions.
