Chapter 19

Question 1

Function of the Kidneys:
regulation of ________ volume and ________

Answer 1

extracellular fluid volume; blood pressure

Question 2

Function of the Kidneys:
regulation of _______

Answer 2

osmolarity

Question 3

Functions of the Kidneys:
maintenance of _________

Answer 3

ion balance

Question 4

functions of the kidney:
homeostatic regulation of _______

Answer 4

pH

Question 5

function of the kidneys:
excretions of _________

Answer 5

wastes

Question 6

functions of kidneys: production of _________

Answer 6

hormones

Question 7

cortex of kidneys

Answer 7

1.filtration process begins here
2.regulating the composition of blood, including ion balance, pH, and waste removal

Question 8

medulla of kidneys

Answer 8

essential for concentrating urine and maintaining water balance in the body

Question 9

what are the two inner layers of the kidney

Answer 9

cortex and medulla

Question 10

the cortex has ____ of nephrons

Answer 10

80%

Question 11

the medulla has ______ of nephrons

Answer 11

20%

Question 12

what are the names of the nephrons in the cortex

Answer 12

cortical nephron

Question 13

what are the names of the nephrons in the medulla

Answer 13

juxtamedullary nephron

Question 14

pathway of the kidneys

Answer 14

glomerulus, Bowman’s capsule, proximal tubule, loop of henle, distal tubule, collecting duct, bladder

Question 15

what are the three basic processes that take place in the nephron

Answer 15

filtration, reabsorption, and secretion

Question 16

filtration

Answer 16

mvt. of fluid from blood into the lumen of the nephron

Question 17

reabsorption

Answer 17

process of moving substances in the filtrate from the lumen of the tubule

Question 18

Secretion

Answer 18

selectively removes molecules from the blood and adds them to the filtrate in the tubule lumen

Question 19

where does filtration occur

Answer 19

renal corpuscle

specifially in the glomerulus

Question 20

where does reabsortption occur

Answer 20

proximal and distal tubule; loop of henle; collecting duct

Question 21

where does secretion occur

Answer 21

proximal and distal tubule; collecting duct

Question 22

what substance is not found in filtrate

Answer 22

blood and large particles

Question 23

what substance would be found in higher concentration if the membrane were damaged

Answer 23

proteins

Question 24

what is the primary driving force that produces glomerular filtration

Answer 24

hydrostatic pressure of blood

Question 25

what are the units for clearance

Answer 25

mL plasma cleared/min

Question 26

clearance

Answer 26

rate at which a solute disappears from the body by excretion or metabolism

Question 27

respiratory acidosis can be a result of

Answer 27

asthma

Question 28

carbon dioxide levels in the blood and blood pH are

Answer 28

inversely proportional