Chapter 20 Flashcards
(23 cards)
Diuresis
removal of excess water in urine
diuretic
drugs that promote water excretion (given to people with HBP)
the descending loop of Henle is permeable to ____
water
the descending Loop of Henle is impermeable to ____
salts
the ascending Loop of Henle is permeable to _______
salts
the ascending Loop of Henle is impermeable to ______
water
vasopressin binds to membrane receptors on the _____________
basolateral side
where is vasopressin secreted from
posterior pituitary
what hormone is responsible for sodium reabsorption
aldosterone
hypokalemia
lower than normal levels of potassium
causes of hypokalemia
diuretics, vomiting, diarrhea, hyperaldosteronism
symptoms of hypokalemia
muscle weakness and failure of respiratory muscles and the heart
hyperkalemia
higher than normal levels of potassium
symptoms of hyperkalemia
can lead to cardiac arrhythmia
how is blood pressure, blood volume and osmolarity effected by dehydration
decreases, decrease, and increased
how does a camels kidney function differ from a human
camels have a larger medulla, much longer Loops of Henle, and has extremely concentrated urine
aldosterone secretion increases in response to increased levels of ____________ and causes ____________
angiotensin II; sodium reabsorption
what are the three buffering mechanisms in the body
chemical, respiratory, and renal
which is the strongest of the three buffering mechansims
renal
what is another name for vasopression
antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
purpose of ADH is?
regulating water balance in the kidneys
in the cortex of the kidney, the filtrate is ________ in comparison to its surroundings
hypotonic
in the medulla of the kidney, the filtrate is __________ in comparison to its surroundings
hypertonic
