Chapter 19

Question 1

Nme 3 ways we can increase the quantity of food that we produce?

Answer 1

1.agricultural machinery
2.agricultural chemicals
3.selective breeding

Question 2

What is agricultural machinery?

Answer 2

tractors,using to help farmers cultivate a greater area of land in a short period of time

Question 3

What is agricultural chemicals?

Answer 3

chemicals farmers use to improve the growth of their crops,

Question 4

Name the 3 agricultural chemicals farmers use?

Answer 4

1.chemical fertilisers
2.insecticides
3.herbicides

Question 5

What is chemical fertilisers?

Answer 5

they add more mineral ions,such as nitrate ions (which soil do not contain enough of)

Question 6

What are insecticides?

Answer 6

sprayed onto the crops to kill insect pests (that might reduce yield & make yields look less appealing)

Question 7

what are herbicides?

Answer 7

sprayed to kill weeds

Question 8

What is monocultures?

Answer 8

an area of ground covered by a single crop,with no other species present

Question 9

What does monocultures do?

Answer 9

make sowing,tending,harvesting & selling crop more effient for the farmer

Question 10

name 4 ways how monocultures make harvesting effient for famers?

Answer 10

1.using machinery to caltivate a large,uninterupted area of land
2.a uniform crop is likely to grow to the same height
3.a large area of the same crop can all be treated with the same herbicides/pesticides
4.produce large quantities of seeds/fruits or other harvestable plants

Question 11

Nmae the 3 disadvantages monocultures have?

Answer 11

1.reduction in biodiversity
2.increase in pests
3.reduction in soil fertility

Question 12

What does biodiversity mean?

Answer 12

the number of different species that live in an area

Question 13

Name 1 approach farmers uses to decrease pests?

Answer 13

mixed cropping,which makes it more difficult for insect pests to spread from one rice field to another

Question 14

what does intensive farming mean?

Answer 14

a method of production that aims to raise maximum yield of crops of animals per unit of land

Question 15

name the 3 advantages of intensive farming?

Answer 15

1.increase crop production
2.help meeting global food demands
3.extensive farming(large land areas with minimal labor)

Question 16

Name the 4 disadvantages of intesive farming?

Answer 16

1.can be a welfare issue with lifestock
2.disease can spread easily
3.waste can pollute land
4.energy is used to transport feed to the livestock

Question 17

name 3 ways habitats can be destroyed for the use of land?

Answer 17

1.we cut down native vegetation to make land avaiable for growing crops
2.we mine for natural resouces
3.we add pollutants to land & water

Question 18

What does deforestation mean?

Answer 18

clearing of forests for other land uses

Question 19

what is extinction?

Answer 19

the complete loss of a species from earth

Question 20

Name the disadvantages of deforestation?

Answer 20

1.climate change
2.flooding
3.increased greenhouse gases
4.soil erosion

Question 21

What is greenhouse gases?

Answer 21

gases such as carbon dioxide & methane that trap heat within the atmosphere

Question 22

what does pollution mean?

Answer 22

addition to the enviroment of something that harms it

Question 23

What are the 2 most important greenhouse gases?

Answer 23

1carbo dioxide
2methane

Question 24

What does carbon dioxide allow?

Answer 24

shortwave radiation of sun pass through

Question 25

what does carbon dioxide not allow?

Answer 25

infrared radiation pass through

Question 26

what is the greenhouse effect?

Answer 26

a natural process where the earths atmosphere traps heat from the sun & warming the planet

Question 27

What is the enhanced greenhouse effect?

Answer 27

the increased heating effect caused by the increase of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere

Question 28

What is non-biodegradable?

Answer 28

no able to be broken down by decomposers

Question 29

What does sustainable resource mean?

Answer 29

one that is produced as rapidly as it is removed from the enviroment

Question 30

what is endangered mean?

Answer 30

at serious risk of becoming extinct

Question 31

name the 4 ways species can become extinct?

Answer 31

1.climate change 2.hunted by humans 3.overharvesting 4.introduction of new species to an ecosystem

Question 32

how can we conserve endangered species?

Answer 32

1.monitoring & protecting the species in its natural habitat 2.using captive breeding 3.educating local people about the importance of conservation

Question 33

What does captive breeding mean?

Answer 33

keeping animals in captivity & allowing them to breed

Question 34

What is seed banks?

Answer 34

facilities in which seeds of different plant species/crop varieties,are stored for long periods of time