chapter 19

Question 1

Is supported & maintained by muscles & ligaments. Is exposed to severe stresses & strains. Lastly it lacks bony stability?

Answer 1

Knee joint.

Question 2

The atriculation between the femur & patella; which increases mechanical advantage of quadriceps muscles & protects the knee joint?

Answer 2

Patellofemoral joint

Question 3

Is located at the most proximal portion of the tibia?

Answer 3

The tibial plateau

Question 4

Another word for shin?

Answer 4

Crest

Question 5

Inside ankle bone?

Answer 5

Medial malleolus

Question 6

What is smaller & lateral to tibia?

Answer 6

Fibula

Question 7

Outside ankle bone?

Answer 7

Lateral malleolus

Question 8

Another word for heel bone?

Answer 8

Calcaneus

Question 9

Is a sesamoid bone incased within the quadriceps muscle tendon?

Answer 9

Patella

Question 10

Named by their attachment on the tibia. Provides stability on the sagittal plane. They cross each other. Runs anterioir- posterior & visa versa.

Answer 10

Cruciate ligaments

Question 11

Runs from anterior tibia to posterior femur. Prevents anterior tibial displacement.

Answer 11

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)

Question 12

Runs from posterior tibia to anterior femur. Prevents posterior tibial displacement.

Answer 12

Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)

Question 13

Provides stability in the frontal plane? Is tight during extension and slack during flexion. Are both posterior to the knee axis.

Answer 13

Collateral ligaments

Question 14

Attaches to medial condyles of femur & tibia. Attaches to medial meniscus

Answer 14

Medial collateral ligament (MCL)

Question 15

Attaches lateral condyle of the femur & runs down to the head of the fibula. Has no attachment to menisci. Is strong and seldom injured.

Answer 15

Lateral collateral ligament (LCL)

Question 16

2 half-moon, wedge-shaped fibrocartilage disks. Located at superior surfsce of tibia. Used for shock absorption.

Answer 16

Menisci

Question 17

Reduces friction and there is ~13 located at the knee.

Answer 17

Bursa

Question 18

Area behind the knee

Answer 18

Popliteal space.

Question 19

part of the quads
O= AIIS
I= tibial tuberosity
A= hip flexion, knee extension

Answer 19

Rectus femoris

Question 20

quad muscle
O= linea aspera
I= tibisl tuberosity via patellar tendon
A= knee extension

Answer 20

Vastus lateralis

Question 21

quad muscle
O= linea aspera (middle of femur)
I= tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon
A= knee extension

Answer 21

Vastus medialis

Question 22

quad muscle
O= anterior femur
I= tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon
A= knee extension

Answer 22

Vastus intermedialis

Question 23

What are the 4 quadricep muscles?

Answer 23

Rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedialis

Question 24

What are the 3 hamstring muscles?

Answer 24

Semitendinosus, biceps femoris, semimembranosus

Question 25

*hamstring* O= ischial tuberosity I= anteromedial surfsce of proximal tibia A= extend hip, knee flexion

Answer 25

Semitendinosus

Question 26

``` *hamstring* O= long head: ischial tuberosity Short head: lateral lip of linea aspera I= femoral head A= long head: extend hip, knee flexion Short head: knee flexion ```

Answer 26

Biceps femoris

Question 27

*hamstring* O= ischial tuberosity I= posterior surfsce of medial condyle of tibia A= extend hip, flex knee

Answer 27

Semimembranosus

Question 28

*unlocks knee* O= lateral condyle of femur I= posteriorly on medial condyle of tibia A= initiates knee flexion

Answer 28

Popliteus

Question 29

*2 joint muscle & strong ankle plantar flexor* O= medial & lateral condyles of femur I= posterior calcaneus A= knee fkexion, ankle plantar flexor

Answer 29

Gastrocnemius