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Regionals > Chapter 2 > Flashcards

Chapter 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Large areas of flat/ gently rolling land. No higher than 1000 feet.

A

Plains

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2
Q

What are two types of plains

A

Coastal

Inland

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3
Q

Another name for inland plains is

A

High plains

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4
Q

Plains are found on all continents except

A

Antarctica

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5
Q

Large areas of flat land that rise 1500 ft and have at least 1 steep side

A

Plateau

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6
Q

What is another name for plateau

A

Tablelands

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7
Q

This land forms makes up 45% of the earth’s surface

A

Plateaus

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8
Q

What is the highest plateau in the world

A

Plateau of Tibet

10-15000 ft

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9
Q

Plateaus make up ___% of the earth’s surface

A

45

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10
Q

Landforms with steep slopes and a peak or summit. At least 2000 ft high

A

Mountains

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11
Q

What is another name for mountains

A

Highlands

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12
Q

Mountains cover ___ of the earth’s surface

A

1/5

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13
Q

What is the highest mountain chain in the world

A

Himalayas

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14
Q

What is the highest peak in the world

A

Mt. Everest

29035 ft

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15
Q

What are the four types of mountains

A

Volcanic
Dome
Fault block
Folded

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16
Q

Earth’s tectonic plates are pushed together in roller coaster like waves

A

Folded mountains

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17
Q

What is the most common type of mountain

A

Folded mountains

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18
Q

What are examples of folded mountains

A

Appalachians
Ural Mountains
Alps
Himalayas

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19
Q

Earth’s crust is heaved or pushed upwards without folding or splitting

A

Dome mountains

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20
Q

What are examples of dome mountains

A

Black hills

Adirondacks

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21
Q

Earth’s crust breaks along a fault line. Layers of the earth’s crust are moved upwards from pressure of tectonic plates

A

Fault block mountain

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22
Q

Steep on one side and sloping on the other

A

Fault block mountains

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23
Q

Examples of fault block mountains

A

Sierra Nevadas

Grand Tetons

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24
Q

How were the Rocky Mountains formed

A

By folding and faulting

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25
Q

Earth’s crust breaks apart and very hot molten material flows out

A

Volcano

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26
Q

What is that largest active volcano

A

Mauna Loa

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27
Q

A area of low land that lies between hills or mountains

A

Valley

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28
Q

Deep, narrow valley formed by steep sides of mountains or hills

A

Canyon

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29
Q

Piece of land extending from a continent and surrounded by water on 3 sides

A

Peninsula

30
Q

Piece of land completely surrounded by water

A

Island

31
Q

When the ___ sticks up above the ocean, an __ is formed

A

Mid Oceanic ridge; island

32
Q

A group of islands

A

Archipelago

33
Q

Area of low lying land formed by soil deposited at the mouth of a river

A

Delta

34
Q

Changing the shape of rocks though breakage or chemical change

A

Weathering

35
Q

Describe mechanical weathering

A

Water gets between rocks, freezes and expands causing the rocks to crack. Also known as frost wedging

36
Q

Describe chemical weathering

A

Chemical in the air or water combine to cause rocks to change
Acid rain

37
Q

What is the most powerful force of erosion

A

Water

38
Q

Wearing away of the earth’s surface though wind, water, and rain

A

Weathering

39
Q

What are the two types of glaciers

A

Mountain

Sheet

40
Q

Describe mountain glaciers

A

Smaller than sheet glaciers

Create sharp peaks and u-shaped valleys

41
Q

Describe sheet glaciers

A

Cover large areas

42
Q

What percentage of the earth is glaciated

A

10%

43
Q

What are the three types of plate boundaries

A

Divergent boundary
Convergent boundary
Transform bounding

44
Q

Tectonic plates move away from each other. Also known as sea floor spreading

A

Divergent boundary

45
Q

Plates crashing into each other

A

Convergent boundary

46
Q

Plates are sliding past each other along fault lines

A

Transform bounding

47
Q

True or false: most plate boundaries are under the ocean floor

A

True

48
Q

What is an example of a fault system

A

San Andreas fault system

49
Q

What are the five types of soil

A 
Lateritic
Podzolic
Chernozem
Desert
Cold land soil
50
Q

Describe lateritic

A

Reddish yellow
Rain forest soil
Hot temps and lots of rain
Lots of humus

51
Q

Describe podzolic

A

Deep forest regions
Cool temps
Little humus

52
Q

Describe chernozem

A

Prairie soil (found in prairie and grassland)
Lots of humus
Fertile
Black

53
Q

Describe desert

A

Little humus

Can be fertile is irrigated (not the case bc of little rain fall)

54
Q

Describe cold land soil

A

Cold temps all year

Ground is always frozen - permafrost

55
Q

__ of the earth is covered in permafrost

A

1/5

56
Q

What is the largest ocean

A

Pacific

57
Q

__ of the earth is ocean

A

1/3

58
Q

Where is the pacific oceans deepest point

A

Near Guam in the Marianas trench

59
Q

What is the deepest part of the Atlantic Ocean

A

Puerto Rico

60
Q

What is the deepest point in the Indian Ocean

A

Java

61
Q

What is the smallest ocean? And where is its deepest point?

A

Arctic Ocean

Eurasian Basin

62
Q

A large body of salt water that is surrounded by land except for a narrow passage into an ocean

A

Sea

63
Q

How many high and low tides does the ocean experience per day

A

2 high

2 low

64
Q

Rivers formed by smaller streams

A

Tributaries

65
Q

A large body of fresh water surrounded by land

A

Lake

66
Q

Point at which a river begins

A

Source

67
Q

Where the river empties into an ocean or another body of water

A

Mouth

68
Q

All continents except __ have rivers

A

Antarctica

69
Q

Plant and animal community that covers a large area

A

Biome

70
Q

What are the 5 basic biomes

A 
Forest
Savanna
Temperate grassland
Desert
Tundra
71
Q

The rain forest covers __% of the earth’s surface

A

6

72
Q

What are the 4 major landforms

A

Plains
Plateaus
Hills
Mountains

Regionals (7 decks)

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