Chapter 2 Flashcards
(6 cards)
What’s a genotype and phenotype? What’s dominant and recessive inheritance?
Genotype: all of a person’s genetic material
Phenotype: observable characteristics
Dominant: heterozygosity (Bb or BB)
Recessive: homozygosity (bb)
What are the different ways to measure heritability of a trait?
Family studies: degree to which biological relatives share a trait
Adoption studies: degree to which adopted children resemble biological or adopted relatives
Twin studies: compares the degree to which monozygotic and dizygotic twins resemble each other for a trait
What’s the range of reaction? Canalization?
Potential variation of a trait; heritable restrictions on the range of trait development
Ex of range of reaction: intellectual performance varying based on the environment one’s raised in
What’s the epigenetic view?
The bidirectional interchange between heredity and the environment causes development
What are gene x environment (G x E) correlations?
3 ways the environment reflects or reinforces genetic differences
Passive:
Reactive/ Evocative:
Active/Niche-picking:
What’s G x E interaction?
The interaction of a specific measured variable in DNA and a specific measured aspect of the environment (ex. Depression and a stressful environment)