Chapter 3 Flashcards
(11 cards)
What are the three periods of prenatal development?
Zygote (2 weeks) fertilization
Embryo (6 weeks) limbs/ face/ organs / muscles develop and heart starts beating
Fetus (30 weeks) “growth and finishing”
What are the embryonic stage characteristics?
Approx. 2 to 8 weeks; risk of spontaneous abortion; organogenesis- the beginning of organs
When does sex differentiation occur?
6 to 8 weeks after conception; Y-chromosome produces testosterone
What development occurs during the fetal stage?
From 8 weeks to birth, organs and body as well as memory development occur; appearance of bone
What happens with brain development?
Neural tube develops around 18-24 days (if something bad happens to this, spina bifida, etc. can occur); neurogenesis & neuronal migration and connectivity continues
What are some prenatal assessments? What are some hazards to prenatal development?
Ultrasound, amniocentesis, and fetal MRI; teratogen, drugs, incompatible blood types, environmental pollutants, infectious diseases, maternal stress, old parents
There are many critical or sensitive periods in prenatal development. List some.
7-9 weeks: heart, upper limb, lower limb, upper lip
8-38: ears, eyes, teeth, palate, external genitalia
What are the three stages of the birth process? What’s the apgar scale?
Labor, Delivery, and “afterbirth”
It measures appearance, pulse, grimace, activity, and respiration on a scale of 1-10 with 7 being a healthy average
What’s low-birth weight, preterm, and small-for-date?
Low-birth weight: less than 5.5 lbs @ birth
Preterm: 3+ weeks before full term
Small-for-date: birth weight is below normal for that date
What are some immediate treatments for prematurity?
Intravenous feeding, isolette like an incubator, kangaroo care
What is post-partum depression?
Temporary feelings of sadness and loss after giving birth to baby.
