Chapter 2: Adjectives, subject pronouns, present tense, ser/estar Flashcards

(37 cards)

1
Q

What three Spanish words are used to express “time,” and what are their specific connotations?

A
  1. Hora - to express time of day: “que hora es?
  2. Tiempo - to express measurable time: “cuanto tiempo toma para llegar al centro? - How much time does it take to get to town?” and to refer to weather: “Que tiempo hace hoy?”
  3. Vez/veces - time as an instance: “Vamos a comer pizza una vez esta semana.”
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2
Q

decir la hora

A

to tell time

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3
Q

hora de verano

A

daylight savings time

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4
Q

ser hora de

A

to be time to

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5
Q

ya es hora

A

it is about time

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6
Q

a tiempo

A

on time

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7
Q

al mismo tiempo

A

at the same time

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8
Q

con tiempo

A

with time to spare

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9
Q

en muy poco tiempo

A

in no time

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10
Q

a la vez

A

at the same time

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11
Q

a veces

A

at times/sometimes

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12
Q

de vez en cuando

A

from time to time

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13
Q

las más veces

A

most of the time

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14
Q

muchas veces

A

often

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15
Q

otra vez

A

again

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16
Q

una y otra vez

A

time after time/over and over again

17
Q

What are the subject pronouns?

A

yo

él/ella/usted

nosotros
vosotoros
ellos/ellas/ustedes

18
Q

Present tense endings: -ar

A

o
as
a

amos
áis
an

19
Q

Present tense endings: -er

A

o
es
e

emos
éis
en

20
Q

Present tense endings: -ir

A

o
es
e

imos
ís
en

21
Q

Irregular verb conjugation: volver

A

vuelvo
vuelves
vuelve

volvemos
vuelven

22
Q

Irregular verb conjugation: comenzar

A

comienzo
comienzas
comienza

comenzamos
comienzan

23
Q

Irregular verb conjugation: servir

A

sirvo
sirves
sirve

servimos
sirven

24
Q

Irregular verb conjugation: sentir

A

siento
sientes
siente

sentimos
sienten

25
Irregular verb conjugation: dormir
duermo duermes duerme dormimos duermen
26
Conjugate: ser
soy eres es somos son
27
Conjugate: estar
estoy estás está estamos están
28
What are the appropriate uses or "ser"?
1. With predicate nouns and words denoting professions, political affiliations, religions, and nationalities: "Maria es una mujer inteligente; Maria es médica; GW Bush es republicano; Soy venezolano." 2. With the preposition "de" to denote origin, possession, and material make up: "Los autores son de Atlanta; El reloj es de oro; El libro es del estudiante." 3. To tell time. "es" is used with 1:00, noon, and midnight, and "son" is used for all other hours. "Es la una; Son las ocho." 4. Adjectives that describe inherent qualities; La nieve es blanca; El edificio es grande." 5. to mean "takes place": "La fiesta es en la casa de Carlos." 6. With impersonal expressions: "Es tarde."
29
What are the appropriate uses or "estar"?
1. To express location: "El plato está en la mesa." 2. With adjectives that express states or conditions that are temporary or not inherent qualities. "El cafe esta frio; No estamos contentos; El flan esta rico." 3. With the adjective "muerto." 4. To form the progressive tense: "Alicia esta jugando con su gato; Quien esta llamando?"
30
Adjective meaning change when used with "ser/estar": aburrido
ser: boring estar: bored
31
Adjective meaning change when used with "ser/estar": cansado
ser: tiring estar: tired
32
Adjective meaning change when used with "ser/estar": despierto
ser: alert/bright estar: awake
33
Adjective meaning change when used with "ser/estar": divertido
ser: amusing estar: amused
34
Adjective meaning change when used with "ser/estar": listo
ser: witty/clever estar: ready
35
Adjective meaning change when used with "ser/estar": malo
ser: bad estar: sick
36
Adjective meaning change when used with "ser/estar": verde
ser: green estar: unripe
37
Adjective meaning change when used with "ser/estar": vivo
ser: lively/bright(as a color) estar: alive