chapter 2 section 3

Question 1

What is a buffer?

Answer 1

A solution that resists changes in pH when acids or bases are added.

Question 2

What are most buffers made of?

Answer 2

A weak acid and its conjugate base.

Question 3

Why is the pH vs. base added curve flat near the pKa?

Answer 3

Because buffering capacity is highest near the pKa.

Question 4

Within what range are buffers most reliable?

Answer 4

Within ±1 pH unit of their pKa.

Question 5

How does pH affect enzyme activity?

Answer 5

Each enzyme has an optimal pH; activity decreases outside this range.

Question 6

Give an example of a natural dipeptide buffer

Answer 6

Anserine, which helps maintain intracellular pH in some tissues.

Question 7

give an example of a synthetic buffer.

Answer 7

HEPES, commonly used in labs

Question 8

what is a synthetic buffer?

Answer 8

resists changes in pH, specifically designed and manufactured to block non-specific interactions in assays