Chapter 2: The Constitution Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Chapter 2: The Constitution Deck (25)
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1
Q

Unalienable

A

a human right based on nature or G-d

2
Q

Articles of Confederation

A

A weak constitution that governed America during the Revolutionary War

3
Q

Constitutional Convention

A

Meeting in Philadelphia in 1787 that produced a new constitution

4
Q

Shay’s Rebellion

A

A 1787 rebellion in which ex-Revolutionary War soldiers attempted to prevent foreclosures of farms as a result of high interest rates and taxes

5
Q

Virginia Plan

A

Proposal to create a strong national government

6
Q

New Jersey Plan

A

Proposal to create a weak national government

7
Q

Great Compromise

A

Plan to have a popularly elected House based on state population and a state-selected Senate, with two members for each state

8
Q

Republic

A

a government in which elected representatives make the decisions

9
Q

Judicial Review

A

The power of the courts to declare laws unconstitutional

10
Q

Federalism

A

Government authority shared by national and state governments

11
Q

Checks and balances

A

authority shared by three branches of government

12
Q

Enumerated powers

A

powers given to the national government alone

13
Q

Reserved powers

A

powers given to the state alone

14
Q

Concurrent powers

A

powers shared by the national and state governments

15
Q

Separation of Powers

A

Constitutional Authority is shared by three branches of government

16
Q

Faction

A

a group with distinct political interest

17
Q

Federalists

A

Those who favor a stronger national government

18
Q

Antifederalists

A

those who favor a weaker national government

19
Q

Coalition

A

an alliance of factions

20
Q

Habeas corpus

A

an order to produce an arrested person before a judge

21
Q

Bill of Attainder

A

a law that declares a person, without a trial, to be guilty of a crime

22
Q

Ex post facto law

A

A law that makes an act criminal although the act was legal when it was committed

23
Q

Bill of Rights

A

First 10 amendments to the Constitution

24
Q

Amendment

A

A new provision in the Constitution that has been ratified by the states

25
Q

Line-item veto

A

an executive’s ability to block a particular provision in a bill passed by the legislature