chapter 20 forms and functions

Question 1

study of the form of an organism’s structures.

Answer 1

Anatomy

Question 2

study of the function of an organism’s structures

Answer 2

Physiology

Question 3

tightly packed sheets of cells that cover surfaces and serve as linings.

Answer 3

Epithelial tissue

Question 4

loosely packed cells in a low proportion to extracellular matrix

Answer 4

Connective tissue

Question 5

most common, serves as a binding and packing material.

Answer 5

loose tissue

Question 6

nonelastic bundles of collagen.

Answer 6

Fibrous

Question 6

strong and flexible tissue that surrounds the ends of bones and serves as a shock absorber.

Answer 6

Cartilage

Question 6

fat storage used for insulation and energy

Answer 6

Adipose

Question 6

cells surrounded by plasma water, salts and dissolved proteins, role is a transport of nutrition and oxygen.

Answer 6

Blood

Question 7

collagen that is embedded in a matrix of calcium, magnesium and phosphate.

Answer 7

Bone

Question 7

Bundles of long cells

Answer 7

muscle tissue

Question 8

tissue that senses stimuli and transmits information.

Answer 8

nervous tissue

Question 9

is the functional cellular unit of nervous tissue.

Answer 9

Neuron

Question 10

convey the signal from the tip of the neuron to the axon and the axon takes the signal to the next neuron.

Answer 10

Dendrites

Question 11

heart muscle

Answer 11

Cardiac

Question 12

attached to bones by tendons

Answer 12

Skeletal(striated)

Question 13

has no striations and is found in organs in blood vessels.

Answer 13

Smooth muscle

Question 14

skin, hair, and nails

Answer 14

integumentary system

Question 15

stratified squamous epithelium and are dead cells at the surface of the skin that take approximately 2 weeks to be replaced.

Answer 15

Epidermis

Question 16

hair follicles, oil and sweat glands, muscles, nerves, sensory receptors, and blood vessels

Answer 16

Dermis

Question 17

layer of adipose below the dermis.

Answer 17

Hypodermis

Question 18

dead cells that are flexible and filled with keratin.

Answer 18

Hair

Question 19

steady state

Answer 19

Homeostasis

Question 20

4 major tissues

Answer 20

Epithelial, Connective, Nervous, Muscle

Question 21

3 major internal conditions

Answer 21

temperature and hydration, heart rate and mineral levels.

Question 22

Although an anatomist and a physiologist study organism in different ways

Answer 22

they work together to study form and function.

Question 23

form and function are

Answer 23

interconnected

Question 24

Size and shape affect

Answer 24

environmental interactions

Question 25

physical laws affect

Answer 25

form

Question 26

bigger animals require

Answer 26

heavier skeletons

Question 27

muscles must be larger and

Answer 27

stronger

Question 28

Most cells are organized

Answer 28

into tissues

Question 29

Tissues if from the Latin word

Answer 29

weave

Question 30

Matrix may be embedded in a liquid

Answer 30

jelly or solid

Question 31

Muscle tissue is the most abundant

Answer 31

tissue in animals

Question 32

Tissues are arranged into organs

Answer 32

and coordinate functions

Question 33

Heart anatomy consists of

Answer 33

all 4 tissue types

Question 34

In the heart muscles serve to

Answer 34

contract

Question 34

In the heart epithelial lines, the chambers,

Answer 34

and provide a smooth surface

Question 35

In the heart, connective tissue makes the heart

Answer 35

elastic and strengthens walls

Question 36

In the heart, neurons

Answer 36

regulate the contractions

Question 37

In 2006, lab tissues were grown from the

Answer 37

patient’s cells to minimize risk of rejection.

Question 38

what are the functions of skin

Answer 38

Waterproof covering, prevents penetration of microbes, abrasions are replaced quickly, Sensory receptors tell temperature, Manipulation of objects, contains sweat glands and capillaries.

Question 39

Synthesis of vitamin D which is required for

Answer 39

absorption of calcium.

Question 39

DNA damage due to UV rays can lead to

Answer 39

cancer

Question 39

Hair serves to insulate and detect

Answer 39

environmental stimuli

Question 40

Fur-raising traps

Answer 40

air to insulate

Question 41

Goose bumps in humans are a vestige

Answer 41

of this mammalian characteristic.

Question 42

Fingernails and toenails are composed of keratin and

Answer 42

serve to protect fingertips and help with manipulation of fine objects.

Question 43

Internal exchange surfaces create an area more than

Answer 43

25 times larger than the surface area of the body.

Question 43

Lining up all the capillaries in the human body

Answer 43

would circle the globe

Question 43

Interstitial fluid carries exchange materials

Answer 43

from blood to cells

Question 43

Lungs have an enormous surface area and are

Answer 43

not like balloons

Question 44

Recall that organisms are in a constant battle to keep internal conditions

Answer 44

at an optimal level

Question 45

Homeostasis try’s to maintain a set point of

Answer 45

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