Midterm Biology exam

Question 1

Photosynthetic organisms that provide food for others

Answer 1

Producers

Question 2

Eat plants or animals that profit from plants

Answer 2

Consumers

Question 3

Bacteria and fungi that decompose wastes and remains of plants and animals

Answer 3

Decomposers

Question 4

Domain that has prokaryotic, unicellular, microscopic organisms

Answer 4

Bacteria

Question 5

Domain that has prokaryotic, unicellular, microscopic organisms that live in extreme environments

Answer 5

Archaea

Question 6

Domain that has eukaryotic organisms whose cells have a nucleus and several organelles

Answer 6

Eukarya

Question 7

Starting at the cellular level, what is the order from cell to biosphere.

Answer 7

Cell, Tissue, Organ, Organ System, Organism, Population, Community, Ecosystem, Biome, Biosphere.

Question 8

Compare and Contrast prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells

Answer 8

Eukaryotic cells have nucleus-bound DNA, are larger and more complex.

Question 9

The tendency of molecules to stick together

Answer 9

Cohesion

Question 10

The clinging of one substance to another

Answer 10

Adhesion

Question 11

A dissolving agent

Answer 11

Solvent

Question 12

A measure of the difficulty to stretch or break the surface of a liquid

Answer 12

Surface tension

Question 13

A liquid mixture of two or more substances

Answer 13

Solution

Question 14

A substance that is dissolved

Answer 14

Solute

Question 15

The foods that we eat and the nutrition that they contain

Answer 15

nutrition

Question 16

Nutrients that that are needed in large amounts

Answer 16

Macronutrients

Question 17

Nutrients that are needed in very small amounts

Answer 17

Micro nutrients

Question 18

Carbs that must be broken down into simpler forms prior to absorption.

Answer 18

Polysaccharides

Question 19

Sugars that still need to be broken down prior to absorption

Answer 19

Disaccharides

Question 20

The absorbable form of sugar

Answer 20

Monosaccharides

Question 21

When blood sugar is lower than 70

Answer 21

Hypoglycemia

Question 21

When blood sugar is greater than 140

Answer 21

Hyperglycemia

Question 22

When nutrient molecules enter the cells and undergo chemical changes

Answer 22

Assimilation

Question 23

Bad cholesterol

Answer 23

LDL

Question 24

Good cholesterol

Answer 24

HDL

Question 25

Carbohydrates, fats and proteins are macronutrients

Answer 25

true

Question 26

All minerals are micronutrients

Answer 26

false

Question 27

Vitamins may serve as catalysts or coenzymes

Answer 27

true

Question 28

In general, a person has to burn fewer calories than they consume in order to lose weight

Answer 28

false

Question 29

The energy found in ATP is burned by breaking a bond between the 2nd and 3rd phosphate groups

Answer 29

true

Question 30

Theoretically, with a weekly surplus of 500 calories, it should take a person 5 weeks to synthesize one pound of fat

Answer 30

false

Question 31

A person with a BMI of >40 would be considered moderately obese

Answer 31

false

Question 32

Muscle tissue makes up the greatest percentage of body weight

Answer 32

true

Question 33

Contrast the terms catabolism and anabolism

Answer 33

Catabolic processes are considered to be consumption and breakdown of energy where anabolic processes are considered to be used for construction and repair

Question 34

Choose the correct statement on the use of vitamins by athletes

Answer 34

Avitaminosis could be prevented with proper diet and nutrition

Question 35

Which of the following sets of symptoms best describes a person who suffers from bulimia?

Answer 35

College-aged females that over consume and voluntarily vomit, leading to aspiration pneumonia and erosion of tooth enamel.

Question 36

The study of the form of an organisms structures

Answer 36

Anatomy

Question 37

The study of the function of an organisms structures

Answer 37

Physiology

Question 38

the functional cellular unit of the nervous system

Answer 38

neuron

Question 39

maintenance of internal conditions for survival regardless of the external environment

Answer 39

Homeostasis

Question 40

An animals form should suggest its function

Answer 40

true

Question 41

The size of an organism does not affect the way it moves

Answer 41

false

Question 42

Muscle tissue is the most abundant tissue in animals

Answer 42

true

Question 43

The surface area of internal exchange surfaces is far greater than the external surfaces

Answer 43

true

Question 44

Lungs resemble a balloon more closely than a sponge

Answer 44

false

Question 45

Organisms that eat only plants

Answer 45

Herbivore

Question 46

Organisms that eat only other animals

Answer 46

Carnivore

Question 47

Organisms that eat plants and other animals

Answer 47

Omnivore

Question 48

Alternation of muscular contraction and relaxation of smooth muscles that line the alimentary canal forcing food through

Answer 48

Peristalsis

Question 49

ringlike valves that regulate the passage of food into and out of the stomach

Answer 49

Sphincter

Question 50

A hormone produced by adipose cells that suppresses appetite

Answer 50

Leptin

Question 51

In general and on average, 12-24 hours are required from ingestion to elimination

Answer 51

true

Question 52

Because the stomach is not expandable, most animals must eat constantly

Answer 52

false

Question 53

The small intestine is longer than the large intestine

Answer 53

true

Question 54

E. coli in the colon are not beneficial in any way.

Answer 54

false

Question 55

Low-carb diets are perfect

Answer 55

false

Question 55

The location of exchange

Answer 55

Respiratory surface

Question 56

The flow of water air over the respiratory surface

Answer 56

Ventilation

Question 57

Respiratory tubes in invertebrates that open to the outside air

Answer 57

Tracheae

Question 58

The joint passage for food and air

Answer 58

Pharynx

Question 59

Voice box

Answer 59

Larynx

Question 60

Wind pipe

Answer 60

Trachea

Question 61

Tubes branching off the trachea and leading to the lungs

Answer 61

Bronchi

Question 62

Finer tubes that branch off of the structure in Bronchi

Answer 62

Bronchioles

Question 63

Millions of tiny air sacs that are the terminal ends of the structure in Bronchioles

Answer 63

Alveoli

Question 64

The alternation of inhalation and exhalation

Answer 64

Breathing

Question 65

Heart structure that receives blood from the veins

Answer 65

Atrium

Question 66

Heart structure pumps blood out the heart

Answer 66

Ventricle

Question 66

Smaller arteries that branch off into capillaries

Answer 66

Arterioles

Question 67

Smaller veins that begin the return path to the heart.

Answer 67

Venules

Question 68

Term for the volume of blood that each ventricle pumps each minute

Answer 68

Cardiac Output

Question 69

A hissing sound generated by the backflow of blood from a defective valve

Answer 69

Murmur

Question 70

Pacemaker of the heart rhythms that may be detected by ECG

Answer 70

Arrythmia

Question 71

The rhythmic stretching of the arteries

Answer 71

Pulse

Question 72

The medical term for a blood pressure cuff

Answer 72

Sphygmomanometer

Question 73

Surfaces for gas exchange must be moist

Answer 73

true

Question 74

Skin breathers typically live in dry environments

Answer 74

false

Question 75

Although they have to work harder, gills are more efficient at extracting air than lungs

Answer 75

true

Question 76

Lung breathing was not a required adaption in the evolutionary move from water to land.

Answer 76

false

Question 77

Smoking causes more deaths per year in the U.S than accidents, alcohol, drug abuse, HIV and murder combined

Answer 77

true

Question 78

Your face is going to look like this after you keep dipping

Answer 78

true

Question 79

The movement of aquatic organisms is crucial to sustaining blood flow.

Answer 79

true

Question 80

The wall of the left ventricle is thicker because it pumps to the systemic circuit

Answer 80

true

Question 81

In general, an athlete will have a higher heart rate than a non-athlete while performing the same activity

Answer 81

false

Question 82

The lub-dup sound is created by the recoil of blood against the valves of the heart

Answer 82

true

Question 83

Smoking does not increase the risk of cardiovascular disease

Answer 83

false

Question 84

Capillaries have the thinnest walls of all blood vessels

Answer 84

true

Question 85

Blood is mostly plasma

Answer 85

true

Question 86

Red blood cells are the least common cellular element in the blood

Answer 86

false

Question 87

Injured blood vessels do not heal themselves

Answer 87

false