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BIOL 3306 > Chapter 21 > Flashcards

Chapter 21 Flashcards

(73 cards)

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1
Q

what are the organs of the respiratory system

A
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2
Q

where does the respiratory system reside

A
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3
Q

what is the breakdown of the brochial tree

A
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4
Q

why is it better to breathe out of your nose instead of your mouth

A
  • nose has little hairs to keep particles out
  • nose produces mucus which kills pathogens
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4
Q

what is included in the upper respiratory tract

A
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5
Q

each lung is composed of what

A
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5
Q

what is included in your lower respiratory tract

A
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6
Q

what are alveoli

A
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6
Q

what is the respiratory zone

A
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7
Q

how many alveoli are in each lung

A

about 150 million

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8
Q

what is the conducting zone

A
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8
Q

what is respiration

A
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8
Q

what are the processes of respiration

A
  • pulmonary ventilation
  • pulmonary gas exchange
  • gas transport in the blood
  • tissue gas exchange
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9
Q

what is pulmonary ventilation

A

movement of air in and out of the lungs

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9
Q

what is pulmonary gas exchange

A

movement of gases between the lungs and blood

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10
Q

what is gas transport in the blood

A

movement of gases through the blood

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11
Q

what is tissue gas exchange

A

movement of gases between the blood and tissues

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12
Q

what are the functions of the respiratory system

A
  • respiration
  • producing speech and other vocalizations
  • assisting in the flow of venous blood and lymph in the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities
  • maintaining acid-base homeostasis
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12
Q

what are the functions of the nose and nasal cavity

A
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13
Q

what are the functions of larynx

A

has the vocal cords

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14
Q

what are the functions of the trachea

A
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15
Q

how many primary bronchi

A

2 - one in each lung

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15
Q

how many tertiary (segmental) bronchi

A

about 10 in each

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15
Q

what is hyaline cartilage

A
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15
what is the first structure of the bronchial tree
15
why is hyaline cartilage important
gives the trachea support so as not to collapse
15
how many secondary (lobar) bronchi
5 total 3 in right lung 2 in left lung
16
branching continues in the lungs about how many times
about 26 times
17
in the bronchial tree, what comes after bronchi
bronchioles
17
what are respiratory bronchioles
18
about how many terminal bronchioles
65 000
18
what are terminal bronchioles
19
about how many respiratory bronchioles
20
21
what are the two lungs separated by
22
*** what is the path that inhaled air follows - the bronchial tree
23
24
base of the lungs is where
25
apex of the lungs is where
sits just above the clavicle
26
where is the cardiac notch
the mediastinal surface of the left lung
26
mediastinal surface of the left lung has what
the cardiac notch, where the heart sits
27
what lobes does the left lobe have
2
28
what separates the lungs in the right lung
horizontal and right oblique fissures
28
what separates the lobes in the left lung
left oblique fissure
28
what lobes does the right lung have
3
29
what supplies each lobe of the lungs
one secondary bronchi
29
what is pulmonary ventilation
29
what does Boyle's Law state
- at a constant temperature and constant number of gas molecules, the pressure and volume of a gas are inversely related
29
boyles law says if pressure increases, volume ...
decreases
30
boyles law says if pressure decreases, volume ...
increases
30
what are pressure gradients
differences in pressure between one area and another
31
boyles law says if volume increases, pressure ...
decreases
31
what is atmospheric pressure
32
boyles law says if volume decreases, pressure ...
increases
33
what is intrapulmonary pressure
33
what is intrapleural pressure
33
what are the types of pressure gradients of ventilation
34
what happens to the different pressure gradients of ventilation during the process of ventilation
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BIOL 3306 (24 decks)

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