Chapter 22 Flashcards
(24 cards)
Who controlled the Asian sea trade network when the Europeans arrived?
No one
What group of people came before the Portuguese in south and Southeast Asia?
Muslims
When the Portuguese arrived in Calicut, they learned what about how the people of India felt about western products?
Unimpressed
How did the Portuguese get the goods they desired?
Applied force
Why did the Europeans believe they would not be able to control Asia?
Superior numbers
What was the goal of European exploration in Asia?
To find a connection with wealthy Asian civilizations
What was a key passage point of Asian trade?
Strait of malacca
What did the Portuguese believe was their military advantage?
Superior maneuverability with ships & guns/firearms
What was the Portuguese goal when they entered he spice trade? How successful we’re they?
Wanted to monopolize spice trade, few limited spices
Why did the Portuguese NOT want to trade bullion with Asia?
Mercantilism
Which European power replaced the Portuguese in Asia? What was different about the new strategy?
Dutch, wanted to monopolize limited number of spice (cinnamon)
What change in strategy did the Dutch and English introduce rather than the Portuguese approach?
Peaceful trade is more profitable
What happened to the Ming economic reforms?
Growing power of rural leaders lead to an increase in landless unmotivated laborers
What happened in china due to the new products from America?
Population increase around Yangzi river
Where were foreigners allowed to do business during he reign of the Ming?
Canton, Macao
How could merchants advance socially in china?
Invested land
Why did the Chinese abandon he voyages of Zhenghe?
Voyages were expensive and little value to the import
How were Jesuit monks able to maintain their position at the Ming court?
Demonstrated science and technology
Which rulers replaced Ming?
Manchus
Why did Japanese military rulers accept Christianity?
Counter force… Buddhism
What were four policies imposed as a result of Japanese isolation in the 17th century?
Christianity banned
Western books banned
Foreign traders confined to daoshima
School of international learning
After the expulsion of the Mongols, why four reforms did the Ming introduce?
- Scholar gentry restored state subsides
- civil service exams reinstated
- chief minister position abolished
Four examples of a European contribution to the Asian sea trading network?
- new routes
- sea warfare
- trade centers
- global flow of silver from America to china
What were four sources of disappointment to the Europeans who arrived in Asia in the 16th and 17th centuries?
- Asians uninterested in trade goods
- in converting to Christianity
- European numbers too small to force Asians
- Asia was thriving and diverse
