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Anatomy > Chapter 22 The Heart > Flashcards

Chapter 22 The Heart Flashcards

1
Q

vessels that take blood away from the heart

A

ARTERIES

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2
Q

vessels that bring blood back to the heart

A

VEINS

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3
Q

arteries and veins that enter and leave the heart

A

GREAT VESSELS

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4
Q

Blood flow through the heart is

A

unidirectional

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5
Q

The right side pumping blood to the lungs is called

A

PULMONARY Circulation

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6
Q

The left side pumps blood to the tissues of the body and is called

A

SYSTEMIC Circulation

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7
Q

the pressure of the blood pushing against the walls of the vessels

A

Blood Pressure

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8
Q

pressure of the pulmonary circulation is Low in relation to

A

pressure of the systemic circulation

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9
Q

Pulmonary Circulation carries blood from

A

the right side of the heart to the lungs then to the left side of the heart

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10
Q

Systemic Circulation carries blood from

A

the left side of the heart to the tissues of the body then to the right side of the heart

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11
Q

The heart is enclosed in a tough sac called

A

Pericardium

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12
Q

The Heart is located within the pseudo-cavity of

A

The Mediastinum

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13
Q

The outer layer of the Mediastinum

A

Fibrous Pericardium

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14
Q

The inner layer of the Mediastinum

A

Serous Pericardium

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15
Q

The Serous Pericardium and has two layers

A

Parietal Layer
Visceral Layer

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16
Q

Between the Parietal Layer and the Visceral layer is

A

Pericardial Cavity

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17
Q

The serous layer is so tightly associated with the surface of the heart that it becomes

A

Epicardium

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18
Q

-the outer layer, formed from the visceral layer of the pericardium

A

Epicardium

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19
Q

the middle layer of the heart wall, made up entirely of Cardiac Muscle Tissue

A

Myocardium

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20
Q

the inner layer of the hear wall, composed of Areolar Connective Tissue

A

Endocardium

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21
Q

receives blood from the body

A

Right Atrium

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22
Q

receives blood from the lungs

A

Left Atrium

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23
Q

pumps blood to the lungs

A

Right Ventricle

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24
Q

pumps blood to the body

A

Left Ventricle

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25
What groove on the surface of the heart separates the atria from ventricles
Coronary Sulcus
26
The two ventricles are separated from each other anteriorly by
the Anterior Interventricular Sulcus
27
The two ventricles are separated from each other posteriorly by
the Posterior Interventricular Sulcus
28
Separates the atria from the ventricles inside the heart
fibrous skeleton
29
It provides Structural Support and Electrical Insulation between the atria and the ventricles
fibrous skeleton
30
Right Atrium Receives venous blood from what three veins
Superior Vena Cava Inferior Vena Cava Coronary Sinus
31
Receives venous blood from head, neck, upper limbs and superior regions of the trunk
Superior Vena Cava
32
Receives venous blood from Lower Thoracic, Abdominal Cavity, and lower appendages
Inferior Vena Cava
33
Receives venous blood from heart wall
Coronary Sinus
34
What type of blood is flowing through the Right Atrium
Deoxygenated Blood
35
When the pressure in the Right Ventricle becomes greater than the pressure in the Right Atrium, the Right Atrioventricular Valve
Closes
36
When the pressure in the Right Ventricle is Lower than the pressure in the Right Atrium, the Right Atrioventricular Valve
Open
37
The Right and Left Ventricles are separated by
Interventricular Septum
38
Large, irregular muscle ridges found on the inner walls of each ventricle
Trabeculae Carneae
39
cords of fibrous connective tissue that attach to cusps in the atrioventricular valves
Chordae Tendineae
40
Chordae Tendineae also attach to what muscles in the floor of the Ventricles
Papillary Muscles
41
Do the cords and muscles in the heart open or close the valves of the heart
They do not open or close the valves. This is done entirely by pressure changes in the chambers.
42
What marks the end of the Right Ventricle
Pulmonary Semilunar Valve
43
What marks the beginning of the Pulmonary Trunk
Pulmonary Semilunar Valve
44
the Pulmonary Trunk bifurcates into the right and left
Right & Left Pulmonary Arteries
45
The smooth area next to the Right & Left Pulmonary Arteries
Conus Arteriosus
46
The Pulmonary Semilunar Valve is opened when the pressure in the Right Ventricle becomes
Greater than the pressure in the Pulmonary Trunk.
47
Oxygenated blood leaves the Lungs and travels to the Left Atrium by way of
Pulmonary Veins
48
The Left Atrium is separated from the Left Ventricle by
Left Atrioventricular Valve AKA bicuspid or mitral valve
49
This valve is opened and closed by the change in pressures between the Left Atrium and Left Ventricle
Left Atrioventricular Valve AKA bicuspid or mitral valve
50
The Left Ventricle pumps blood to the entire body except
Lungs
51
Separating the Left Ventricle from the Aorta is
Aortic Semilunar Valve
52
this is opened when the pressure in the Left Ventricle exceeds the pressure in the Aorta
Aortic Semilunar Valve
53
the wall of the Left Ventricle is how many times thicker than the wall of the Right Ventricle
3
54
What are the only source of oxygenated blood for the heart?
Coronary Arteries
55
The Right and Left Coronary Arteries are the first and only branches off of
the Ascending Aorta
56
The Right Coronary Artery branches into
Right Marginal Artery Posterior Interventricular Artery
57
The Left Coronary Artery branches into
Anterior Interventricular Artery Circumflex Artery
58
The three Coronary Veins
Great Cardiac Vein Middle Cardiac Vein Small Cardiac Vein
59
All the Coronary Veins drain into
Coronary Sinus
60
The Coronary Sinus drains into
the Right Atrium
61
The ability of the Heart to generate its own electrical impulses that lead to contraction is called?
Autorhythmicity
62
The electrical impulse starts in the Sinoatrial Node, located
in the roof of the Right Atrium, near the entrance of the Superior Vena Cava
63
How long is the impulse delay from the Sinoatrial Node to the Atrioventricular Node located in the floor of the Right Atrium
0.1 second
64
When a Chamber contracts it is called
Systole
65
when the Chamber relaxes it is called
Diastole
66
The Sympathetic Branch also innervates the Ventricles to
increase the force of the Heartbeat
67
The Parasympathetic Branch has
no influence on the force of the Heartbeat

Anatomy (25 decks)

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