Chapter 23

Question 1

Neuron

Answer 1

A nerve cell; transmits information through electrical and chemical signals.

Question 2

Impulse

Answer 2

An electrical message carried by nerves.

Question 3

Sensory Nerves

Answer 3

A nerve cell that receives data from the environment and send impulses to the brain.

Question 4

Receptors

Answer 4

The parts of sensory nerves that receives input from the environment.

Question 5

Associative Neurons

Answer 5

A nerve cell that connects sensory and motor neurons, and processes impulses in the brain.

Question 6

Motor Neurons

Answer 6

A nerve cell that sends impulses out to the muscles or glands.

Question 7

Effectors

Answer 7

Muscles or glands that put nerve impulses into effect.

Question 8

Dendrites

Answer 8

The branch-like extensions on cytons which receive impulses from other neurons

Question 9

Cyton

Answer 9

The cell body of a neuron.

Question 10

Axon

Answer 10

The long, thin part of a cell which transmits impulses to other cells.

Question 11

Neurotransmitter

Answer 11

A chemical that carries a nerve message across a synapse.

Question 12

Synapse

Answer 12

The microscopic space between the end brush of a neuron and another cell.

Question 13

Cerebrum

Answer 13

The largest part of the brain; it controls thinking.

Question 14

Convulsions

Answer 14

Bumps on the surface area, which increase surface area.

Question 15

Cerebellum

Answer 15

The part of the brain that controls coordination and balance.

Question 16

Medulla

Answer 16

The part of the brain that controls involuntary actions.

Question 17

Rod Cells

Answer 17

Specialized neurons in the eye for black and white vision; light receptors.

Question 18

Cone Cells

Answer 18

Specialized neurons in the eye for color vision; light receptors.

Question 19

Retina

Answer 19

The light sensitive tissue containing rod and cone cells that lines the back of the eye.

Question 20

Optic Nerve

Answer 20

The nerve that carries visual information from the eye to the brain.

Question 21

Iris

Answer 21

The colored part of the eye that adjusts the size of the pupil.

Question 22

Cornea

Answer 22

The clear covering on the front of the eye that helps to focus light.

Question 23

Nearsightedness

Answer 23

A condition in which light is focused too near the lens and only nearby objects can be seen clearly.

Question 24

Farsightedness

Answer 24

A condition in which light is focused too far from the lens and only distant objects can be seen clearly.

Question 25

Cochlea

Answer 25

The snail shaped part of the inner ear that converts vibrations into electrical impulses.

Question 26

Auditory Nerve

Answer 26

The nerve that sends electrical impulses from the ear to the brain.

Question 27

Semicircular Canals

Answer 27

Three fluid filled loops inside each ear that send impulses to the cerebellum for balance.

Question 28

Eustachian Tube

Answer 28

A tube that connects the middle ear to the pharynx.

Question 29

Olfactory Nerve

Answer 29

The nerve that sends electrical impulses from the nose to the brain.