Chapter Five Flashcards
Cell
The basic unit of structure and function in living things
Protoplasm
All the living material which makes up a cell
Cell Wall
The stiff box of non-living material that surrounds plant, fungal. and most of bacterial cells
Organelle
The tiny structures in a cell, each with their own function
Chloroplast
An organelle in plant cells which contains chlorophyll
Chlorophyll
The green chemical that captures sunlight for the process of photosynthesis
Cell Membrane
A semipermeable, double layer of lipids and proteins that surrounds the cell
Cytoplasm
The protoplasm outside the cell nucleus
Nucleus of a Cell
The dense round structure in a cell that controls cell activity
Nucloplasm
The protoplasm within the cell nucleus
Nuclear Membrane
The thin, semipermeable film that controls what enters or leaves the nucleus
Semipermeable
Able to be penetrated by some molecules but not by others
Passive Transport
The movement of substances across a cell membrane without the use of energy
Active Transport
The movement of substances across a cell membrane that requires the cell’s use of energy
Diffusion
The passive transport of substances from the high to the low concentration (no energy used)
