Chapter 23 Flashcards by Madison Harding

Abduction

Moving a body part away from an axis or the median line

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Adduction

Moving a body part toward the center or toward the median line

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Ankylosis

Immobility, consolidation, and fixation of a joint because of disease, injury, or surgery; most often due to chronic rheumatoid arthritis

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Ataxia

Inability to perform coordinated movements

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Bursa

Enclosed sac filled with viscous fluid located in joint areas of potential friction

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Circumduction

Moving the arm in a circle around the shoulder

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Crepitation

Dry crackling sound or sensation due to grating of the ends of damaged bone

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Dorsal

Directed toward or located on the surface

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Dupuytren contracture

Flexion contracture of the fingers due to chronic hyperplasia of the palmar fascia

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Eversion

Moving the sole of the foot outward at the ankle

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Extension

Straightening a limb at a joint

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Flexion

Bending a limb at a joint

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Ganglion

Round, cystic, nontender nodule overlying a tendon sheath or joint capsule, usually on dorsum of wrist

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Hallux valgus

Lateral or outward deviation of the great toe

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Inversion

Moving the sole of the foot inward at the ankle

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Kyphosis

Outward or convex curvature curvature of the thoracic spine; hunchback

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Ligament

Fibrous band running directly from one bone to another bone that strengthens the joint

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Lordosis

Inward or concave curvature of the lumbar spine

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Nucleus pulposus

Center of the intervertebral disks

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Olecranon process

Bony projection of the ulna at the elbow

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Patella

Kneecap

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Plantar

refers to the surface of the sole of the foot

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Pronation

Turning the forearm so that the palm is down

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Protraction

Moving a body part forward and parallel to the ground

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Range of Motion (ROM)

Extent of movement of a joint

Retraction

Moving a body part backward and parallel to the ground

Rheumatoid arthritis

Chronic systemic inflammatory disease of joints and surrounding connective tissue

Sciatica

Nerve pain along the course of the sciatic nerve that travels down from the back or thigh through the leg and into the feet

Scoliosis

S-shaped curvature of the thoracic spine

Supination

Turning the forearm so that the palm is up

Talipes equinovarus

"clubfoot" Congenital deformity of the foot in which it is plantar flexed and inverted

Tendon

Strong fibrous cord that attaches a skeletal muscle to a bone

Torticollis

Wryneck; contraction of the cervical neck muscles, producing torsion of the neck

During assessment of the spine the patient would be asked to:

Flex Extend Abduct Rotate

Pronation and supination of the hand and forearm are the result of articulation of the:

Radius and ulna

Anterior and posterior stability are provided to the knee joint by the:

Anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments

What is a common curvature of the spine in an aging adult?

Kyphosis

Examination of the shoulder of the shoulder includes 4 motion. These are:

Forward flexion, internal rotation, abduction, and external rotation

The bulge sign is a test for:

Swelling in the suprapatellar pouch

The examiner measures a patient's legs for length discrepancy. Which is normal finding?

Within 1 cm of each other

A common finding for a 2 year old child regarding the abdomen

Lordosis

A positive Phalen test and Tinel sign are indicators of

Carpal tunnel syndrome

When assessing an infant, the examiner completes the Ortolani maneuver by:

Gently lifting and abducting the infant's flexed knees while palpating the greater trochanter with fingers

Hematopoiesis takes place in which of the following?

Bone marrow

Fibrous bands running directly from one bone to another that strengthen the joint and help prevent movement is undesirable directions are known as:

Ligaments

C-shaped curvature of the spine of an infant. Normal/Abnormal

Normal | S-shaped doesn't develop until 1 year

BMD

Bone mineral density

What does a low BMD value mean?

A strong and consistent predictor of fracture

RA involves ____ joints

Symmetric

A patient who has recently been outside, presents with joint pain and stiffness. What should the nurse ask/assess

Recent tick bite - assess for Lyme Disease

Myalgia

Muscle pain

Functional assessment includes:

``` Bathing Toileting Dressing Grooming Eating Mobility Communicating ```

Drinking alcohol increases ____ risk

Fall risk

Smoking increases

Bone loss

How often should a patient get a BMD screening?

Every 2 years

Articular disease

Injury to the inside of the joint capsule

Extra-articular disease

Injury to a specific tendon, ligament, or nerve

A positive Thomas test would be:

When flexing one knee to the chest, there is a flexion deformity in the opposite hip

What two signs would present in a patient with fluid in the knee joint?

Bulge sign | Ballottement

Irregular bony margins occur with:

Osteoarthritis

A patient report popping, and giving way to the knee what test would you preform?

Mcmurray Test

A "click" when performing the Mcmarray test indicates ___ ___

Torn meniscus

Ottawa Knee Rules

Isolated pain of patella or head of fibula More than 55 years old Cannot flew knee 90 degrees Cannot bear weight more than 4 steps

Hallux Valgus

Distal part of the great toe is directed away from the body midline

Plantar fasciitis

Localized tenderness under heel where fascia is torn

Symptoms of a herniated nucleus pulposus

Lateral tilting | Forward bending

Chronic axial skeletal pain occurs with _____ ______

Fibromyalgia syndrome

Lasegue's Test

Maneuver that reproduces back and leg pain that helps confirm the presence of sciatica and herniated nucleus pulposus

What test would you use to screen an infant's fine and gross motor skills?

Denver II test

Ortolani maneuver

Checks for developmental dysplasia of the hip in an infant

Allis test

Checks for hip dislocation

What characteristic of the infant may indicate spina bifida

A tuft of hair over a dimple in the midline

Genu Varum

"Bow-legged" | Occurs with: Rickets

Genu Valgum

"Knocked-Knees" | Occurs with: Rickets, Poliomyelitis, and Syphilis

FRAX algorithm

Help determine the percent change of you getting a fracture in the next 10 years

What kind of arthritis gets better as the day goes on?

Rheumatoid arthritis

RA increases risk for ___ and ___

MI and Stroke

Symptoms of RA

``` Bilateral joints Fatigue Weight-loss Low fever Lymphadenopathy ```

Symptoms of Ankylosing Spondylitis

Kyphosis Back or buttocks pain Bony fusion of vertebral joints

Symptoms osteoarthritis

``` Asymmetric joints Stiffness Swelling Bony protuberance Pain with motion ```

Symptoms of Osteoporosis

Decrease in BMD

Osteoporosis occurs with

Postmenopausal women Smaller heights and weights Lack of estrogen Lack of physical activity