Chapter 24

Question 1

What is the genetic analysis of complex characteristics?

Answer 1

quantitative genetics

Question 2

What are characteristics that are measured in whole numbers?

Answer 2

meristic characteristic

Question 3

What is the type of quantitative characteristic where the characteristic is considered present or absent?

Answer 3

threshold characteristic

Question 4

What is a graph of the frequencies of the different phenotypes?

Answer 4

frequency distribution

Question 5

What is the symmetrical curve that arise when independent factors contribute to a measurement?

Answer 5

normal distribution

Question 6

What is the group of interest?

Answer 6

population

Question 7

What is a smaller collection of individuals within the group of interest?

Answer 7

sample

Question 8

What is the key statistic regarding the variability of a group of measurements?

Answer 8

variance

Question 9

What is the square root of variance?

Answer 9

standard deviation

Question 10

What is a relation between two characteristics

Answer 10

correlation

Question 11

What is the measurement of correlation

Answer 11

correlation coefficient

Question 12

What is the prediction of one variable based on another?

Answer 12

regression

Question 13

What is the slope of the regression line?

Answer 13

regression coefficient

Question 14

What is the proportion of the total phenotypic variation that is due to genetic differences?

Answer 14

heritability

Question 15

What is the variance in phenotype?

Answer 15

phenotypic variance

Question 16

What are phenotypic variations caused by genetic differences?

Answer 16

genetic variance

Question 17

What are phenotypic variations caused by environmental conditions?

Answer 17

environmental variance

Question 18

What are phenotypic variations caused by gene effects being altered by environmental conditions?

Answer 18

Genetic-environmental interaction variance

Question 19

What is the type of genetic variance that arises from the additive effects of genes?

Answer 19

additive genetic variance

Question 20

What is the type of genetic variance that results from some genes having a dominant component?

Answer 20

dominance genetic variance

Question 21

What is the type of genetic variance that results from gene interaction?

Answer 21

gene interaction variance

Question 22

What is the value that represents the proportion of phenotypic variance caused by genetic variance?

Answer 22

broad-sense heritability

Question 23

What is the value that represents the proportion of phenotypic variance caused by additive genetic variance

Answer 23

narrow-sense heritability

Question 24

what are loci that code for quantitative traits?

Answer 24

quantitative trait loci

Question 25

What is the process that arises due to the benefits of genetic material in differential reproduction between individuals with different genotypes?

Answer 25

natural selection

Question 26

What is the form of selection that allows humans to breed individuals with idealized characteristics

Answer 26

artificial selection

Question 27

What is the extent to which a characteristic subjected to selection changes in one generation?

Answer 27

response to selection

Question 28

What is the phenotypic difference between parents calculated by the difference between the mean phenotype of the selected parents and the mean phenotype of the population?

Answer 28

selection differential

Question 29

What is heritability determined by a response-to-selection experiment?

Answer 29

realized heritability

Question 30

When is a correlation between two phenotypes of the same individual?

Answer 30

phenotypic correlation

Question 31

What causes phenotypic correlation when the genetic traits are linked?

Answer 31

genetic correlation