Chapter 20

Question 1

What is the field of genetics that attempts to understand the content, organization, function, and evolution of the genetic information contained in the whole genome

Answer 1

genomics

Question 2

What is the study of the organization and sequence of the genetic information contained within a genome?

Answer 2

structural genomics

Question 3

What are maps that provide a rough approximation of the locations of genes relative to the locations of other known genes

Answer 3

Genetic Maps or linkage maps

Question 4

What are maps that are based on the direct analysis of DNA?

Answer 4

physical maps

Question 5

What are maps created by sequencing short fragments to create a full map

Answer 5

map-based sequencing

Question 6

What is a set of two or more overlapping DNA fragments that form a contiguous stretch

Answer 6

Contig

Question 7

What is a sequence strategy where small clones are prepared and sequenced

Answer 7

whole-genome shotgun sequencing

Question 8

What is the average number of times a nucleotide in the genome is sequenced

Answer 8

sequencing coverage

Question 9

What is a site in the genome where members of a species differ in a single base pair?

Answer 9

single-nucleotide polymorphism

Question 10

What is the specific set of genetic material on a single chromosome or part of a chromosome?

Answer 10

haplotype

Question 11

What are the few SNP to identify a haplotype?

Answer 11

tag-SNPs

Question 12

What are studies that use multiple SNPs across the genome to find genes of interest

Answer 12

Genome-wide association studies

Question 13

What is an interdisciplinary field that combines molecular biology and computer science

Answer 13

bioinformatics

Question 14

What means linking a sequence of information to the information about its function and expression, the protein t encodes, and similar genes in other species.

Answer 14

annotation

Question 15

What is the emerging field in which genome sequences of an entire group of organisms that inhabit a common environment are sampled and determined.

Answer 15

metagenomics

Question 16

What is the name for the bacteria that inhabit the skin and other parts of the body

Answer 16

microbiome

Question 17

What is the name for the field that seeks to design organisms that might provide useful functions

Answer 17

synthetic biology

Question 18

What is the field that characterizes what sequences do

Answer 18

functional genomics

Question 19

What is the identification of all RNA molecules transcribed from a genome

Answer 19

transcriptome

Question 20

What is the identification of all the proteins encoded by the genome

Answer 20

proteome

Question 21

What are genes that are evolutionary related

Answer 21

homologous genes

Question 22

What are evolutionary related genes derived from the same gene from a common ancestor

Answer 22

orthologs

Question 23

What are evolutionary related genes derived from a duplication of a single gene in the past

Answer 23

paralogs

Question 24

What are the regions in complex proteins that have specific shapes or functions

Answer 24

protein domains

Question 25

What is the genomic method that examines the expression of genes

Answer 25

transcriptomics

Question 26

What transcriptomic approach uses nucleic acid hybridization to determine expression?

Answer 26

microarrays

Question 27

What is the visual representation of a continuous variable?

Answer 27

heat maps

Question 28

What is another approach to transcriptomics where RNA molecules are converted to DNA and sequenced

Answer 28

RNA sequencing

Question 29

What is the random inducement of mutations on a genome-wide basis and mapping the molecular markers completed together referred to as?

Answer 29

mutagenesis screening

Question 30

What is the field of genomics that studies the similarities and differences in gene content, function, and organization among different organisms.

Answer 30

comparative genomics

Question 31

What is a group of evolutionary related genes that arose through through repeated duplication and evolution of an ancestral gene

Answer 31

multigene gamily

Question 32

What are large chromosomal regions with no protein-encoding genes

Answer 32

gene desert

Question 33

What is the study of the proteome

Answer 33

proteomics

Question 34

What is the effort to identify and characterize all proteins in the human body?

Answer 34

Human Proteome Project

Question 35

What is one method to separate proteins by charge and mass

Answer 35

two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis

Question 36

What is a method to precisely determine the molecular mass of a molecule.

Answer 36

mass spectrometry

Question 37

what is the mechanism where an antibody captures a protein to pull down any other one's with which it reacts

Answer 37

affinity capture

Question 38

what is the complete set of protein interactions in a cell

Answer 38

interactome

Question 39

What is a microarray used for proteins

Answer 39

protein microarray