Chapter 25 Flashcards
(26 cards)
Inotropic
Strength of contraction
Chronotropic
Heart rate
Dromotropic
Speed of impulse
What is the most common cause of HF
MI
Left sided HF (LEFT=LUNG)
Pulmonary edema
Coughing
SOB
Dyspnea
Right sided HF
Venous congestion
Pedal edema
JVD
Ascites
Hepatic congestion
What does a high BNP: brain naturetic peptide mean
HF is getting worse
HF patients receiving blood transfusions. Monitor:
Crackles in lungs
If crackles heard in lungs after giving blood transfusion to pt with HF administer
Furosemide
Are positive inotropic drugs used first or after other HF drugs
AFTER
3 drugs for early HF treatment
ACE inhibitors
ARBs
Beta blockers
1kg of weight gain is equivalent to how much fluid in body
1L
When is digoxin used in HF
When all other meds no longer work
What do ACE inhibitors do
Inhibit aldosterone to decrease sodium and water retention
Which HF med has cardio protective effects after MI
ACE inhibitor lisinopril
What do ARBs do
Vasodilation
Why would an ARB be used instead of an ACE inhibitor
Does not cause dry cough
What do aldosterone antagonist diuretics do
Prevent sodium and water retention
ACE do what to preload
Decrease it by lowering blood volume
ARBs do what to afterload
Decrease it by causing vasodilation
Which HF drug is used short term in ICU and requires heart monitor
Milrinone
What drug cannot go in same IV as milrinone or precipitate will form
Furosemide
Why is digoxin not given often anymore
Has narrow therapeutic window
Low levels of potassium increase toxicity of which HF med
Digoxin
