Chapter 25: Urinary System Flashcards
(54 cards)
Kidney has three layers…what are they
- outer conn tissue - renal fascia
- peripheral fat - cusioning / protection
- Fibrous capsule - prevents infections from spreading into the kidney
name A, B, C, D, E
A = adrenal gland
B = Cortex
C = Medulla
D = Renal Vein
E = Renal artery
how many pyramids are in the medulla
8
where does the narrow portion of the medulla combine and join into?
renal pelvis
define nephron
basic unit of hte kidney, one filter, nephron starts in the cortex and ends in th emedulla, most water gets absorbed here.
after the blood enters the kidney,it travels to the
glomerulus
the proximal and distal tubule are seperated by the
loop of hnele
urine is stored in what part of th ekidney before it moves
renal pelvis
what tube carries urine outside the body from the bladder
urethra
the kidneys are located
near the middle of the back, or either side of the spine
what is at the beginning of the nephron and what is it’s function
glomerulus
network of capillaries that performs the first step of filtering the blod
what surrounds the glomerulus and what is it’s funciton
Bowman’s capsule
blood is filtered through the capillaries of the glomerulus into the bowman’s capsul. bowman’s empties the filtrate into a tubule that is also part of the nephron
filtrates: Na+, gucose and amino acids
the glomerulus receives its blood supply from an _________ arteriole of the renal circulation
afferent
the glomerulus drains into an __________ arteriole rather than a venule
efferent
describe the proximal convoluted tubule
portion of the duct system of the nephron of the kidney which leads from bowman’s capsule to the loop of henle.
most absorption happens here
reabsorbs: glucose, sodium, H2O, and small amino acids
where does most of the absoroption occur at?
the Proximal convouluted tubule
65% reabsortopn
what is the loop of henle
portion of the nephron that leads from the proximal convoluted tubule to the distal convoluted tubule.
function is to create a concentration gradient in the medulla of the kidney.
what are the four parts of the loop of henle
descending limb
ascending limb
thick ascending limb
cortical thick ascending limb
what is the thin descending limb of loop of henle permeable to
low permeability to ions and urea, while being highly permeable to water.
what is the thin ascending limb of loop of henle permeable to
is not permeable to water, but it is permeable to ions.
what is the function of the thick ascending limb of lopp of henle
sodium (Na+) and potassium (K+) and chloride (Cl_) ions are reabsorbed from the urine by secondary active transport
what is the function of the cortical thick ascending limb
drains urine into the distal convoluted tubule
where is the distal convoluted tubule located on the nephron and what is it’s function
between the loop of henle and the collecting duct system.
partily responsible for the regulation of potassium, sodium, calcium, and pH. primary site for the kidney’s hormone based regularion of calcium (Ca).
how does the distal convoluted tubule regulate pH
by absorting bicarbonate and secreting protons (H+) into the filtrate or by absorting protons and secreting bicarbonate into the filtrate
