Chapter 27 Part 2

Question 1

secretes lactic acid, and thus protects the vagina by maintaining an acidic pH

Answer 1

Flora

Question 2

milk-secreting cells in the mammary gland

Answer 2

Alveoli

Question 3

middle portion of the uterine tube in which fertilization often occurs

Answer 3

Ampulla

Question 4

glands that produce a thick mucus that maintains moisture in the vulva area; also referred to as the greater vestibular glands

Answer 4

Bartholin’s glands

Question 5

wide ligament that supports the uterus by attaching laterally to both sides of the uterus and pelvic wall

Answer 5

Broad ligament

Question 6

an extension of the peritoneum that connects the ovaries to the broad ligament

Answer 6

Mesovarium

Question 7

elongate inferior end of the uterus where it connects to the vagina

Answer 7

Cervix

Question 8

nerve-rich area of the vulva that contributes to sexual sensation during intercourse

Answer 8

Clitoris

Question 9

nonfunctional structure remaining in the ovarian stroma following structural and functional regression of the corpus luteum

Answer 9

Corpus albicans

Question 10

transformed follicle after ovulation that secretes progesterone

Answer 10

Corpus luteum

Question 11

inner lining of the uterus, part of which builds up during the secretory phase of the menstrual cycle and then sheds with menses

Answer 11

Endometrium

Question 12

fingerlike projections on the distal uterine tubes

Answer 12

Fimbriae

Question 13

ovarian structure of one oocyte and surrounding granulosa (and later theca) cells

Answer 13

Follicle

Question 14

development of ovarian follicles from primordial to tertiary under the stimulation of gonadotropins

Answer 14

Folliculogenesis

Question 15

supportive cells in the ovarian follicle that produce estrogen

Answer 15

Granulosa cells

Question 16

membrane that covers part of the opening of the vagina

Answer 16

Hymen

Question 17

wide, distal portion of the uterine tube terminating in fimbriae

Answer 17

Infundibulum

Question 18

hair-covered folds of skin located behind the mons pubis

Answer 18

Labia majora

Question 19

thin, pigmented, hairless flaps of skin located medial and deep to the labia majora

Answer 19

Labia minora

Question 20

ducts that connect the mammary glands to the nipple and allow for the transport of milk

Answer 20

Lactiferous ducts

Question 21

area of milk collection between alveoli and lactiferous duct

Answer 21

Lactiferous sinus

Question 22

first menstruation in a pubertal female

Answer 22

Menarche

Question 23

shedding of the inner portion of the endometrium out though the vagina; also referred to as menstruation

Answer 23

Menses

Question 24

phase of the menstrual cycle in which the endometrial lining is shed

Answer 24

Menses phase

Question 25

approximately 28-day cycle of changes in the uterus consisting of a menses phase, a proliferative phase, and a secretory phase

Answer 25

Menstrual cycle

Question 26

mound of fatty tissue located at the front of the vulva

Answer 26

Mons pubis

Question 27

smooth muscle layer of uterus that allows for uterine contractions during labor and expulsion of menstrual blood

Answer 27

Myometrium

Question 28

cell that results from the division of the oogonium and undergoes meiosis I at the LH surge and meiosis II at fertilization to become a haploid ovum

Answer 28

Oocyte

Question 29

process by which oogonia divide by mitosis to primary oocytes, which undergo meiosis to produce the secondary oocyte and, upon fertilization, the ovum

Answer 29

Oogenesis

Question 30

ovarian stem cells that undergo mitosis during female fetal development to form primary oocytes

Answer 30

Oogonia

Question 31

approximately 28-day cycle of changes in the ovary consisting of a follicular phase and a luteal phase

Answer 31

Ovarian cycle

Question 32

female gonads that produce oocytes and sex steroid hormones (notably estrogen and progesterone)

Answer 32

Ovaries

Question 33

release of a secondary oocyte and associated granulosa cells from an ovary

Answer 33

Ovulation

Question 34

haploid female gamete resulting from completion of meiosis II at fertilization

Answer 34

Ovum

Question 35

outer epithelial layer of uterine wall

Answer 35

Perimetrium

Question 36

smaller cell produced during the process of meiosis in oogenesis

Answer 36

Polar body

Question 37

ovarian follicles with a primary oocyte and one layer of cuboidal granulosa cells

Answer 37

Primary follicle

Question 38

least developed ovarian follicles that consist of a single oocyte and a single layer of flat (squamous) granulosa cells

Answer 38

Primordial follicle

Question 39

phase of the menstrual cycle in which the endometrium proliferates

Answer 39

Proliferative phase

Question 40

folds of skin in the vagina that allow it to stretch during intercourse and childbirth

Answer 40

Rugae

Question 41

ovarian follicles with a primary oocyte and multiple layers of granulosa cells

Answer 41

Secondary follicle

Question 42

phase of the menstrual cycle in which the endometrium secretes a nutrient-rich fluid in preparation for implantation of an embryo

Answer 42

Secretory phase

Question 43

bands of connective tissue that suspend the breast onto the chest wall by attachment to the overlying dermis

Answer 43

Suspensory ligament

Question 44

ovarian follicles with a primary or secondary oocyte, multiple layers of granulosa cells, and a fully formed antrum

Answer 44

Tertiary follicles

Question 45

estrogen-producing cells in a maturing ovarian follicle

Answer 45

Theca cells

Question 46

ducts that facilitate transport of an ovulated oocyte to the uterus

Answer 46

Fallopian/uterine tubes

Question 47

muscular hollow organ in which a fertilized egg develops into a fetus

Answer 47

Uterus

Question 48

tunnel-like organ that provides access to the uterus for the insertion of semen and from the uterus for the birth of a baby

Answer 48

Vagina

Question 49

external female genitalia

Answer 49

Vulva