Chapter 28 Flashcards
Jacob Riis
muckraker who wrote How the Other Half lives about the poor living in the slums in NYC
Lincoln Steffens
muckraker who wrote The Shame of the Cities about the corrupt alliance between big business and government at the expense of the workers
Theodore Dreiser
muckraker who also exposed the slums in the cities
Ida Tarbell
muckraker who wrote an expose on Standard Oil and Rockefeller’s ruthlessness
Robert Lafollette
governor and senator from Wisconsin who believed in Progressive reforms like initiative, referendum, recall—all about giving power to the people
Upton Sinclair
muckraker who wrote The Jungle about the unsanitary conditions in the Meatpacking Industry. As a result TR had Congress pass the Meat Inspection Act which place standards on meat packaging and shipping to prevent illness.
John Muir, Sierra Club
environmentalist who helped establish the Sierra Club. Muir helped TR establish his conservation policy to set aside millions of acres of land for National Parks.
Gifford Pinchot
TR placed him as head of the National Forest Reserve which continued to use natural resources, but also find ways to protect them
Eugene V Debs
former American Railway Union leader who became a socialist Presidential Candidate which garnered a significant amount of votes for a third party.
Nelson Aldrich
don’t worry about him
William Howard Taft, Dollar Diplomacy
as president Taft broke up more trusts than TR. Taft also issued Dollar Diplomacy to invest in Latin America and Asian countries to expand trade and create new markets.
Richard Ballinger
Sec. Of Interior & caused Republican split over conservation conflict with Pinchot-Ballinger Pinchot affair(use the land and resources of save it?)
Initiative
when the people initiate legislation via a petition.
Referendum
when the people vote on a major issue within their community or state
Recall
created a special election to possibly remove a bad government official.
Conservation
setting aside land or resources for future use
Rule of reason
TR’s policy if a good trust kept prices low and was good for all of society then the trust should be kept, if it is not good for everyone involved then it needs to be broken up.
Muckrakers
investigative journalists who exposed all the negatives during the Gilded Age–political corruption, advantages of big business, poor, slums, unsanitary food
17th amendment
direct election of Senators. Prior to this each state legislatures would select the U.S. Senators for the people.
18th amendment
established prohibition or making alcohol illegal.
Northern Securities
first trust TR broke up giving TR the nickname trustbuster because JP Morgan and James J. Hill violated TR’s rule of reason and raised prices simply for profit.
Mueller v. Oregon
attempt to protect women working long hours and dangerous conditions.
Lochner v. New York
established a 10 hour work day for bakers because of the hot terrible conditions, but was later was ruled illegal—so workers can work more if they wanted.
Triangle shirtwaist fire
clothing factory which caught on fire and killed over a hundred women. As a result building codes and fire codes became established
