Chapter 33 Flashcards
A. Philip Randolph
Labor Union leader in charge of the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters- African American train car union who demanded equal rights in the hiring process. Threatened to March on Washington if FDR didn’t help create change
Douglas MacArthur
American General in charge of the Army in the Pacific against the Japanese. Was forced to evacuate to Australia when the Japanese overan the Philippines. MacArthur said “I shall return.” However 75,000 Americans and Filipinos had to partake in the treacherous Bataan Death March- walking to work camps until freed.
Chester Nimitz
American Admiral in charge of the Navy in the Pacific against the Japanese most notable at Midway. Battle of Midway- considered the turning point of the war in the Pacific against the Japanese as the U.S. broke the Japanese code we put the Japanese on the defensive from this point on.
Dwight D. Eisenhower
Supreme Allied Commander in charge of all forces in Europe. He would organize and plan the D-Day operations.
Joseph Stalin
Communist leader of the Soviet Union. Member of the Allies during WWII.
Jiang Jieshi, Chiang Kia- Shek
pro-U.S. leader of China during WWII that lost China to Mao Zedong as it fell to Communism because the U.S. (FDR)-sold him down the river meaning the U.S. did not properly aid his fight against the communists.
Harry S. Truman
FDR’s Vice President. Eventually takes over as President during FDR’s 4th term. He would stand up to Stalin and the Russians with his motto “The buck stops here.”
Albert Einstein
wrote a series of letters to FDR convincing him the U.S. needed to build an atomic bomb because the Germans began the process.
War Production Board
began organizing and preparing war goods–determining what to produce and how much to produce
Office of Price Administration
created to prevent inflation and keep prices reasonable during WWII
WAACs
Women’s Army Auxiliary Corp- Created to recruit women into the army as cooks, custodians, secretaries, and cargo pilots.
Rosie the Riveter
female character that recruited women into the workforce
Braceros
Since so many men went to fight in the war, and African Americans left the fields to work in the factories there was a need to replace African American farmers with Mexican farmers in the U.S.
D-day, Operation Overlord
invasion of Normandy France that would allow create a 2nd front against Hitler and the Germans
Battle of the Bulge
last ditch attempt by the Germans to break the Allied lines, but thanks to Patton the Americans fought back and the Germans were never an offensive threat for the rest of the war. Began the race to Berlin to get Hitler
Potsdam Conference
Truman, Atlee(British PM), and Stalin met to discuss dividing Germany and Soviet help with defeating the Japanese
Manhattan Project, Leslie Groves, Robert Oppenheimer
secret building of the Atomic Bomb. Groves was in charge of security for this project. Oppenheimer was the head scientist in charge of the project. It was so secretive the FBI followed Oppenheimer for most of his life to make sure he didn’t pass along secrets to another country
Korematsu v. U.S.
when FDR placed Japanese Americans to internment camps the U.S. government was sued and the Supreme Court upheld the move because it was based on national security and military urgency. FDR also claimed it was for the Japanese Americans protection.
Sunbelt
group of warm weather states stretching from California to Florida where people moved to for war production factory jobs.
Tehran Conference
Stalin, Churchill, and FDR met to discuss opening a second front (D-Day) to take pressure off of the Soviets
