Chapter 37 Flashcards
Watergate, CREEP
Watergate-the Democratic Party’s Headquarters was broken into as a group of men were arrested and later to be found working for CREEP-Committee to Re-Elect the President as a money trail to defend the men was discovered paying them for their defense and loyalty
Saturday Night Massacre
Nixon hired a special prosecutor to investigate Watergate named Archibald Cox. Nixon was upset Cox was intensely investigating the scandal, so Nixon ordered the Attorney General to fire Cox, but refused along with several others who resigned before Cox was fired
John Dean III
White House lawyer during the Nixon administration testified against Nixon which exposed the secret of Nixon’s tape recorded conversations about Watergate
executive privilege
When Nixon originally refused to give Congress the Watergate Tapes Nixon claimed they were for the President’s eyes only and based on National Security. Eventually the Supreme Court said he must give them up. The tapes(13 missing minutes) showed there was limited evidence Nixon was a part of the break-in, but definitely knew of the cover-up
25th Amendment
Creates a presidential succession if the President becomes incapacitated
Gerald Ford
Nixon’s VP who became the first unelected President (since he was not on the original ticket when Nixon won). Allegedly pardoned Nixon in the “buddy deal” where Nixon made in VP and soon to be President in exchange for a pardon. Established the Helsinki Accords protecting Human Rights
Helsinki Accords
Guaranteed basic human rights(especially in Eastern Europe) during Ford’s Administration
Title IX
prohibited gender discrimination & guaranteed equal funding for both male and female activities (mostly sports).**improvement in women’s rights
ERA
failed proposal called the Equal Rights Amendment- which ban discrimination based on gender. Phyllis Schlafly got the states to not ratify this Amendment
Phyllis Schlafly
woman against the Equal Rights Amendment because she felt women should stay at home and take care of the family
Roe v. Wade
legalized abortion **highly controversial even to this day
Bakke case
-sued for reverse discrimination when Alan Bakke was not allowed to attend Medical School at University of California. **ruling: colleges and universities can use race as a factory in admissions, but not the sole factor
Jimmy Carter
Presidential Candidate who promised to never lie to the American people after the Watergate scandal. President during an energy crisis, Iran Hostage Crisis. He was best known for striking peace deals between Middle Eastern countries
Thurgood Marshall
lawyer for the NAACP who became the first African American Supreme Court Justice
Camp David Agreement
The Camp David Accords were the peace accords signed by Menachem Begin and Anwar Sadat to finally end the Israeli-Egyptian disputes. The achievement by Carter is considered his greatest achievement in office
Mohammed Reza Pahlevi (the Shah)
When Ike was President the CIA engineered an overthrow of the conservative regime and helped the pro-U.S.(Western) Shah come to power. *oil to U.S
Ayatollah Khomeini
Came to power in Iran after the Iranian Revolution and replaced the Shah. Established the “old ways of the Middle East”
energy crisis
The U.S. became nearly addicted to the use of Middle Eastern oil and since the U.S. supported Israel against several Middle Eastern Countries OPEC limited production and caused a shortage in the U.S. as retaliation
Leonid Brezhnev
leader of the Soviet Union who signed SALT II which Jimmy Carter which reduced weapons between the two countries. Helped ease tensions
SALT II
Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty- reduction of weapons between the U.S. (Carter) and U.S.S.R. (Brezhnev)—helped lower tensions during the Cold War
Iranian Hostage Crisis
during the Iranian Revolution 52 Americans working for U.S. Embassy in Tehran, Iran who held hostage for 444 days until Reagan’s inauguration. Jimmy Carter sent in special forces to rescue the hostages, but it turned into a disaster
Ronald Reagan, Reaganomics, supply side economics
Reagan was a part of the conservative movement that was a reaction to the liberal New Deal & Great Society programs. Reagan believed in giving tax breaks to the wealthy in hopes the wealthy would create job growth within their businesses and the wealth would trickle down to everyone, but this actually caused a recession due to the wealthy using the extra money on themselves
