Chapter 3 Flashcards
(20 cards)
Communication
- The act of exchanging information.
- Managers spend 3/4 of time communicating.
Interpersonal Communication
An interactive process between individuals that involves sending and receiving verbal and nonverbal messages.
Interpersonal Communication Failures
- Conflicting or inappropriate assumptions
- Semantics (different interpretations of the meaning of words)
- Perception
- Emotions
- Poor Listening
- Inadequate communication skills
Semantics
The science or study of the meanings of words and symbols.
Perception
The mental and sensory processes an individual uses in interpreting information received.
- 5 senses
3 factors that influence perception
- The perceiver
- The target of perception
- The situation in which perception takes place.
Stereotyping
An oversimplified and often inaccurate generalization about the typical characteristics of a particular group.
The Halo Effect
Occurs when we draw an overall impression about a person on the basis of a single trait, such as intelligence or appearance.
First Impression
The first view, difficult to change a first impression.
Projection/False-Consensus Effect
Occurs when we overestimate the number of those who share our thoughts, values, and behavior.
Selective Perception
In any situation we pay attention to only a few things. We filter information to suit our own needs.
Contrast Effects
When two things appear close to one another, we tend to evaluate them against one another more than against a fixed standard.
Understanding the Audience
- What do they already know?
- What does it want to know?
- What is its capacity to absorb information?
- What does it hope to gain by listening?
- Is the audience friendly or hostile?
Active Listening
Absorbing what another person is saying and responding to the person’s concerns.
Feedback
The flow of information from the receiver to the sender.
Paralanguage
A form of nonverbal communication that includes the pitch, tempo, loudness, and hesitations in the verbal communication. (nonverbal)
Written Communication
- Identify the purpose.
- Identify the audience.
- Main Message.
The grapevine
- Informal paths of communication.
- develop within organizations when employees share common hobbies, home towns, lunch breaks, family times, and social relationship.
- don’t follow organizational hierarchy
The internet
A global collection of independently operating, but interconnected, computers.
Intranet
A private, corporate computer network that uses Internet products and technologies to provide multimedia applications within organizations.
