Chapter 3

Question 1

A 4-year-old child is not meeting expected developmental milestones, but cannot yet be tested through standard assessments. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A. ADHD
B. Autism Spectrum Disorder
C. Global Developmental Delay
D. Specific Learning Disorder

Answer 1

Answer: C
Explanation: GDD is used when a child under 5 cannot be assessed using standardized tests and has delays across multiple areas.

Question 2

A child exhibits difficulty forming words and is hard to understand when speaking. This best fits which diagnosis?
A. Language Disorder
B. Speech Sound Disorder
C. Stuttering
D. Autism

Answer 2

Answer: B
Explanation: Speech Sound Disorder involves issues with articulation that affect speech intelligibility.

Question 3

A 10-year-old frequently interrupts others, has difficulty staying focused, and fidgets constantly in class. These symptoms have lasted more than 6 months in school and at home. The most likely diagnosis is:
A. ODD
B. ADHD
C. DMDD
D. ASD

Answer 3

Answer: B
Explanation: ADHD must persist for at least 6 months and affect functioning in two or more settings.

Question 4

A student has fluent verbal skills but struggles with understanding conversation rules like taking turns or staying on topic. The appropriate diagnosis is:
A. Autism Spectrum Disorder
B. Social (Pragmatic) Communication Disorder
C. Language Disorder
D. ADHD

Answer 4

Answer: B
Explanation: This disorder involves difficulty with social aspects of communication.

Question 5

Which level of Autism Spectrum Disorder requires the most intensive support?
A. Level 1
B. Level 2
C. Level 3
D. Moderate Level

Answer 5

Answer: C
Explanation: Level 3 requires very substantial support in daily life.

Question 6

A boy repeats hand-flapping behavior and often injures himself while doing so. These movements appear purposeless and interfere with school. What condition does he most likely have?
A. OCD
B. ADHD
C. Stereotypic Movement Disorder
D. Tic Disorder

Answer 6

Answer: C
Explanation: SMD is characterized by repetitive, purposeless behaviors, sometimes leading to self-injury.

Question 7

Which disorder is not considered a motor disorder?
A. Tourette’s Disorder
B. Developmental Coordination Disorder
C. Stereotypic Movement Disorder
D. Dysgraphia

Answer 7

Answer: D
Explanation: Dysgraphia is a learning disorder related to written expression, not a motor disorder.

Question 8

A 7-year-old girl has poor spelling, difficulty decoding words, and reads below grade level despite help. She most likely has:
A. Dyslexia
B. Dyspraxia
C. Dysgraphia
D. Communication Disorder

Answer 8

Answer: A
Explanation: Dyslexia is a form of SLD affecting word recognition and reading.

Question 9

A client has tics involving both vocalizations and motor movements lasting more than one year. The correct diagnosis is:
A. Persistent Tic Disorder
B. Tourette’s Disorder
C. Provisional Tic Disorder
D. ADHD

Answer 9

Answer: B
Explanation: Tourette’s requires both motor and vocal tics for more than a year.

Question 10

Which diagnosis is ruled out if there are no obsessive thoughts behind the repetitive behavior?
A. Stereotypic Movement Disorder
B. ADHD
C. OCD
D. Tic Disorder

Answer 10

Answer: C
Explanation: OCD behaviors are driven by obsessions or rigid rules. SMD is purposeless.

Question 11

True or False: Dysgraphia affects one’s ability to calculate and process numbers.

Answer 11

False – That describes Dyscalculia.

Question 12

True or False: A diagnosis of ADHD requires symptoms to be present before the age of 12.

Answer 12

True

Question 13

True or False: Children with Level 1 Autism need 24-hour care.

Answer 13

False – That level is relatively independent; Level 3 needs extensive support.

Question 14

True or False: Intellectual Disability requires both intellectual and adaptive functioning deficits.

Answer 14

True

Question 15

True or False: Stuttering is also called Speech Sound Disorder.

Answer 15

False – Stuttering is Childhood-Onset Fluency Disorder.

Question 16

True or False: Specific Learning Disorder can include difficulties with reading, writing, and math.

Answer 16

True

Question 17

True or False: Stereotypic movement disorder is always caused by an obsession.

Answer 17

False – SMD movements are purposeless, unlike OCD.

Question 18

True or False: Language disorder involves trouble with comprehension and expression.

Answer 18

True

Question 19

True or False: Global Developmental Delay can be diagnosed in teenagers.

Answer 19

False – It applies only to children under 5.

Question 20

True or False: Individuals with moderate IDD typically need 24-hour care.

Answer 20

False – That level is for severe to profound IDD.

Question 21

A child is unable to understand and use language across forms such as writing, speaking, and gestures.

Answer 21

Answer: Language Disorder
Explanation: This disorder affects comprehension and production of language across modalities.

Question 22

A person has difficulties with coordination and clumsiness that interferes with daily living.

Answer 22

Answer: Developmental Coordination Disorder
Explanation: Poor motor skills affect daily tasks.

Question 23

An individual shows persistent, involuntary tics that include blinking and vocal sounds for more than one year.

Answer 23

Answer: Tourette’s Disorder
Explanation: Involves both vocal and motor tics for more than a year.

Question 24

A student struggles with organizing thoughts into written language and has messy handwriting.

Answer 24

Answer: Dysgraphia
Explanation: A specific learning disorder affecting writing.

Question 25

A 3-year-old exhibits constant spinning, head-banging, and flapping without any clear purpose.

Answer 25

Answer: Stereotypic Movement Disorder Explanation: Repetitive, purposeless motor movements with possible self-injury.

Question 26

resists conforming to others' demands. Characterized by negativity, hostility, and defiance.

Answer 26

Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD)

Question 27

individuals with the disorder show serious aggression toward others. This is also rare in childhood.

Answer 27

Intermittent explosive disorder (IED

Question 28

movement is generally fixed and repetitive. In ADHD, it is more fidgetiness and restlessness not characterized in stereotypies.

Answer 28

Stereotypic Movement Disorder

Question 29

Difficulties learning and using academic skills, as indicated by the presence of at least one of the symptoms that have persisted for at least 6 months, despite the provision of interventions that target those difficulties.

Answer 29

SLD

Question 30

is an alternative term used to refer to a pattern of learning difficulties characterized by problems with accurate or fluent word recognition, poor decoding, and poor spelling abilities.

Answer 30

Dyslexia

Question 31

is an alternative term used to refer to a pattern of difficulties characterized by problems processing numerical information, learning arithmetic facts, and performing accurate or fluent calculations.

Answer 31

Dyscalculia

Question 32

is a common disorder that affects your fine and/or gross motor coordination that may also affect their speech.

Answer 32

Dyspraxia

Question 33

is a condition causing trouble with written work. Often your handwriting will be poorly formed, difficult to read, a mixture of cursive and block letters and have letters of varying sizes.

Answer 33

Dysgraphia

Question 34

acquisition and execution of coordinated motor skills is below than expected given the individual’s chronological age and opportunity for skill learning and use. Persistently interferes with the daily lives of the client.

Answer 34

Developmental Coordination Disorder

Question 35

Repetitive, seemingly driven, and apparently purposeless motor behavior. The repetitive motor behavior interferes with social, academic, or other activities and may result in self-injury.

Answer 35

Stereotypic Movement Disorder

Question 36

True or False: Tic Disorders – SMD usually starts earlier (before 3 yrs) than tics (5-7 yrs). SMD may involve arms, hands, or the entire body. Tics involve eyes, face, head, and shoulders.

Answer 36

True

Question 37

True or False: OCD and related disorders – SMD has no obsessions.. Repetitive behaviors occur in OCD as response to an obsession or according to rules that must be applied rigidly, whereas in stereotypic movement disorder the behaviors are seemingly driven but apparently purposeless.

Answer 37

True

Question 38

is a sudden, rapid, recurrent, nonrhythmic motor movement or vocalization.

Answer 38

Tic

Question 39

Presence of BOTH motor and vocal tics for MORE than a year. is a disorder that involves repetitive movements or unwanted sounds (tics) that can't be easily controlled.

Answer 39

Tourette’s Disorder

Question 40

Presence of motor OR vocal tics for MORE than a year.

Answer 40

Persistent Tic Disorder

Question 41

Presence of motor OR/BOTH vocal tics for LESS than a year.

Answer 41

Provisional Tic Disorder