Chapter 6 Flashcards
(22 cards)
recurrent and persistent thoughts
Obsessions
repetitive behaviors or mental acts
Compulsions
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Presence of obsessions, compulsions, or both.
Obsessions or compulsions are time-consuming
(ex. takes more than 1 hour per day) cause clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning.
Difference between OCD and Anxiety Disorders
OCD obsessions usually do not involve real-life concerns and often include odd, irrational, or magical thoughts.
Other Anxiety Disorders involve worries that are about real-life problems and concerns.
Difference between OCD and Tics/Stereotypical Movements
Tics and stereotypical movements are generally less complex than OCD compulsions.
These movements are not done to neutralize or reduce obsessive thoughts, unlike OCD compulsions which are performed to ease anxiety caused by obsessions.
Difference between OCD and Tics/Stereotypical Movements
Tics and stereotypical movements are generally less complex than OCD compulsions.
These movements are not done to neutralize or reduce obsessive thoughts, unlike OCD compulsions which are performed to ease anxiety caused by obsessions.
Difference between OCD and Psychotic Disorders
People with OCD do not show symptoms like hallucinations or disorganized thinking (features common in schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder).
Psychotic disorders involve these additional symptoms, which are not part of OCD.
Body Dysmorphic Disorder:
Preoccupation with perceived physical flaws that are slight or not visible to others.
Repetitive behaviors or mental acts related to appearance concerns.
Causes significant distress or impairment in daily functioning (social, work, etc.).
Hoarding Disorders
Trouble getting rid of things, even if they’re not valuable.
Feel like you need to keep stuff and feel upset when throwing things away.
Stuff piles up and clutters the living space, making it hard to use the area properly.
This causes big problems in daily life, like at work, with friends, or at home.
Trichotillomania (Hair-Pulling Disorder)
Repeatedly pulling out your own hair, causing noticeable hair loss.
Trying but failing to stop or reduce the hair pulling.
Causes significant distress or problems in daily life (social, work, etc.).
Hair can be pulled from anywhere hair grows—most often scalp, eyebrows, and eyelashes.
Excoriation (Skin-Picking) Disorder
Repeatedly picking at your skin, causing sores or damage.
Trying but struggling to stop or reduce the skin picking.
Causes significant distress or problems in daily life (social, work, etc.).
Commonly picked areas are face, arms, and hands, but can be multiple spots.
Picking can be on healthy skin, small bumps, pimples, scabs, or calluses.
Sarah frequently checks if the stove is off, spending over two hours a day on this behavior. She finds it distressing but cannot stop. What disorder might she be experiencing?
Answer: Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
Explanation: Her repetitive behavior (checking the stove) and inability to stop despite distress fits the criteria for compulsions in OCD.
Jason refuses to throw away old newspapers, filling his home to the point that he cannot use his kitchen or bathroom properly. What disorder might this indicate?
Answer: Hoarding Disorder
Explanation: Jason shows difficulty discarding items and accumulation that compromises his living space—key features of Hoarding Disorder.
A child who has been moved between multiple foster homes avoids seeking comfort from caregivers and often appears emotionally unresponsive. What disorder could this describe?
Answer: Reactive Attachment Disorder
Explanation: This disorder involves withdrawn behavior toward caregivers and stems from insufficient early care or neglect.
A woman who lost her spouse 14 months ago still experiences intense longing and preoccupation with the deceased, which affects her daily life. What diagnosis might be appropriate?
Answer: Prolonged Grief Disorder
Explanation: This disorder requires symptoms of persistent grief after at least 12 months (6 in children) with significant distress.
A teenager picks at minor skin irregularities on her arms to the point of bleeding and scarring. She wants to stop but can’t. What disorder could this be?
Answer: Excoriation (Skin-Picking) Disorder
Explanation: This involves repetitive skin-picking that leads to lesions and significant distress or impairment.
True or False: Compulsions in OCD are always physical actions like hand-washing.
False.
Explanation: Compulsions can also be mental acts, such as counting or silently repeating phrases
True or False: Trichotillomania involves pulling out hair only from the scalp.
False.
Explanation: Hair can be pulled from various parts of the body, including eyebrows, eyelashes, and less common areas
True or False: Acute Stress Disorder symptoms can last up to 3 months.
False.
Explanation: Acute Stress Disorder symptoms occur between 3 days and 1 month after trauma. If they persist longer, PTSD may be diagnosed
True or False: Disinhibited Social Engagement Disorder involves children approaching unfamiliar adults indiscriminately.
True.
Explanation: This disorder is characterized by socially disinhibited behavior toward strangers and is associated with insufficient care in early life
True or False: Prolonged Grief Disorder can be diagnosed 2 months after the death of a loved one.
False.
Explanation: The disorder requires symptoms to persist at least 12 months (6 months in children/adolescents) after the loss
