Chapter 3 Flashcards

(27 cards)

1
Q

How many levels of personality structure are there?

A

Three

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2
Q

What are the levels of personality structure?

A

A psychological core, typical responses, and role-related behavior

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3
Q

Personality is the what of the characteristics that make a person unique?

A

Sum

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4
Q

What is the most basic level and deepest component to personality?

A

The psychological core

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5
Q

What does the psychological core include?

A

Attitudes, values, interests, motives, beliefs about yourself, and self worth

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6
Q

What represents the “real you,” not who you want people to think you are?

A

Your psychological core

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7
Q

Typical responses are what?

A

Ways we learn to adjust or usually respond to the environment and are often indicators of your psychological core

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8
Q

What is the most changeable aspect of personality?

A

Role related behavior

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9
Q

Define psychological core

A

The most basic and deepest component of personality that involves attitudes and values, interests and motives, and beliefs about self and self worth

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10
Q

Define typical responses

A

The ways you learn to adjust to the environment or how you usually respond to the world around you

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11
Q

Define role-related behavior

A

The most changeable aspect of personality that refers to how you act based on what you perceive your social situation to be

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12
Q

Define psychodynamic approach

A

Focusing on understanding the person as a whole rather than identifying isolated traits or dispositions and emphasizing unconscious determinants of behavior (id, instinctive drives) and how these conflict with more conscious aspects of personality (superego: one’s moral conscious, and ego: the conscious of personality)

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13
Q

Define trait approach

A

Belief that the fundamental units of personality, its traits, are relatively stable and that the causes of behavior reside in the person

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14
Q

Define situation approach

A

Idea that behavior is determined largely by the situation or environment

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15
Q

Define maladaptive, or unhealthy, perfectionism

A

A focus on high standards accompanied by a concern over mistakes and evaluation by others

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16
Q

Define adaptive, or healthy, perfectionism

A

A focus on high standards but not excessively worrying about making mistakes or about how others evaluate one’s performance

17
Q

Define interactional approach

A

Idea that the situation and the person are co-determinants of behavior, that is they are variables that together determine behavior

18
Q

Define phenomenological approach

A

Behavior is determined by accounting for both situations and personal characteristics with an emphasis placed on an individual’s subjective experiences and personal views of the world and themselves

19
Q

Define integrative, or biopsychosocial approach

A

Emphasis is placed on understanding the whole person by considering the interaction of biological, psychological, and social factors

20
Q

Define situation specific measures

A

Measures that consider both the personality of the participant and the specific situation (interactional approach)

21
Q

Define intraindividual approach

A

Compares how an individual performs on different occasions or in different situations rather than how an individual performs in relation to others

22
Q

Define projective tests

A

A psychological test in which words, images, or situations measure more subconscious and deeper aspects of personality by asking the person to project their feelings and thoughts about the materials

23
Q

Define mental health model

A

Positive mental health, as assessed by a certain pattern of Profile of Mood States (POMS), is directly related to athletic success and high levels of performance

24
Q

Define iceberg profile

A

Profile that reflects positive mental health, specifically, with vigor above the mean of the population, and tension, depression, anger, fatigue, and confusion below the mean of the population

25
Define meta-analysis
A statistical analysis that combines the results of multiple scientific studies to determine overall trends
26
Define qualitative approach
Data collected through interviews with an individual, focus groups, or observations. It is typically not numerical in nature
27
What two things from personality are needed to function and learn?
Stability and change