Chapter 5 Flashcards
(20 cards)
Define arousal
A blend of physiological and psychological activity in a person. Refers to the intensity dimensions of motivation at a particular moment ranging from not at all aroused (comatose) to completely aroused (frenzied)
Define anxiety
A negative emotional state characterized by nervousness, worry, and apprehension. It is associated with activation or arousal of the body.
Define cognitive anxiety
The thought component of anxiety (worry and apprehension)
Define somatic anxiety
The degree of physical activation perceived in the body
Define state anxiety
A temporary, ever-changing emotional state of subjective, consciously perceived feelings of apprehension and tension associated with activation of the autonomic nervous system
Define cognitive state anxiety
The degree to which one worries or has negative thoughts
Define somatic state anxiety
The moment-to-moment changes in perceived physiological activation
Define perceived control
The degree to which one believes one has the resources and ability to meet challenges
Define trait anxiety
A behavioral disposition to perceive as threatening circumstances that objectively may not be dangerous and to then respond with disproportionate state anxiety
Define emotion
A feeling such as happiness, love, fear, anger, or hatred that can be caused by the situation that you are in or the people you are with
Define self report measures
Measures in which respondents are asked to report directly on their own behaviors, beliefs, attitudes, or intentions
Define self report scales
A scale from low to high used to rate how nervous a person feels
Define stress
A substantial imbalance between demand (physical, psychological, or both) and response capability under conditions where failure to meet that demand has important consequences
Define social physique anxiety
A personality disposition defines as the degree to which people become anxious when others observe their physiques
Define drive theory
As an individual’s arousal or state anxiety increases, so does performance
Define inverted-U hypothesis
High performance is achieved with an optimal level of arousal and reduced performance with either low or very high arousal
Define individualized zones of optimal functioning (IZOF)
Athletes have a zone of optimal state anxiety in which their best performance occurs, and outside this zone, poor performance occurs
Define multidimensional anxiety theory
Cognitive state anxiety (worry) is negatively related to performance, and somatic state anxiety (which is physiologically manifested) is related to performance is an inverted U. Increases in anxiety facilitate performance up to an optimal level beyond which more anxiety causes performance to decline.
Define catastrophe model
Physiological arousal is related to performance in an inverted U fashion but only when an athlete is not worried or has low cognitive state anxiety
