Chapter 3 Flashcards
(126 cards)
1
Q
-algia
A
pain
2
Q
arthralgia
A
joint pain
3
Q
otalgia
A
ear pain
4
Q
neuralgia
A
nerve pain
5
Q
myalgia
\mī-ˈal-j(ē-)ə\
A
muscle pain
6
Q
-cele
A
hernia
thoát vị
7
Q
rectocele
A
rectum hernia
sa trực tràng
8
Q
cystocele
A
urinary bladder hernia
sa bàng quang
9
Q
thoracentesis
A
surgical puncture to remove fluid from the chest
10
Q
abdominocentesis
A
surgical punture to remove fluid from the abdomen
11
Q
procedure
\prə-ˈsē-jər\
A
thủ thuật
12
Q
-coccus
A
berry-shaped bacterium
13
Q
streptococcus
A
khuẩn cầu chuỗi
14
Q
staphylococci
A
khuẩn tụ cầu
15
Q
-dynia
A
pain
16
Q
pleurodynia
A
pain in the chest wall that is aggravated by breathing
17
Q
mastectomy
A
removal of the breast
18
Q
ischemia
A
hold back blood from a part of the body
thiếu máu cục bộ
19
Q
-genesis
A
condition of producing, forming
20
Q
carcinogenesis
A
producing cancer
21
Q
pathogenesis
A
producing diseases
22
Q
angiogenesis
A
forming blood vessel
23
Q
myelogram
A
spinal cord record
chụp tủy sống có cảm quan
24
Q
mammogram
A
breast record
25
electroencephalograph
instrument for recording electricity in the brain
26
electroencephalography
process of recording electricity in the brain
27
angiography
process of recording blood vessel
28
tonsillitis
inflamation of the tonsil
29
thrombophlebitis
phlebitis
| viêm tĩnh mạch do huyết khối.
30
morphology
hình thái học
31
-lysis
breakdown, destruction, seperation.
32
hemolysis
breakdown of red blood cells with release of hemoglobin
| tán huyết
33
-malacia
softening
34
osteomalacia
softening of the bone
| nhuyễn xương
35
chondromalacia
softening of the cartilage
| mềm sụn
36
acromegaly
enlargement of extremities
37
splenomegaly
enlargement of spleen
38
myoma
a benign muscle tumor
39
myosarcoma
a malignant muscle tumor
40
necropsy
viewing dead body tissue
41
-osis
condition, usually abnormal
42
hydronephrosis
abnormal condition of the water in kidney
| thận ứ nước
43
cardiomyopathy
primary disease of the heart muscle
44
erythropenia
deficiency of red blood cell
45
neutropenia
deficiency of neutrophil
46
thrombocytopenia
deficiency of clotting cell
47
-penia
deficiency
48
-phobia
fear
49
acrophobia
fear of heights
50
agoraphobia
fear of marketplace
51
claustrophobia
fear of small place
52
-plasia
development, formation, growth
53
achodroplasia
no development of cartilage
| bất sản sụn
54
-plasty
surgical repair
55
angioplasty
surgical repair of the blood vessel.
An interventional cardiologist opens a narrowed blood vessel using a balloon that is inflated after insertion into the vessel. Stents, or slotted tubes, are then put in place to keep the artery open.
56
-ptosis
falling, drooping, prolapse
| sa, sập, xệ
57
-sclerosis
hardening
58
-scope
instrument for examination
59
-scopy
process of visual examination
60
-stasis
stopping, controlling
61
laparoscopy
nội soi ổ bụng
62
metastasis
the spead of a malignant tumor beyond its original site to a secondary organ or location.
63
hemostasis
cầm máu
| blood flow is stopped naturally by clotting or artificially by compression or suturing of a wound.
64
hemostat
a surgical clamp
65
clamp
kẹp
66
-stomy
opening to form a mouth (stoma)
67
colostomy
opening to form a mouth from the colon to the outside.
68
tracheostomy
opening to form a mouth from the trachea to the outside.
69
hydrotherapy
thủy liệu pháp
70
chemotherapy
treatment using chemical, drug
71
radiotherapy
treatment using high-energy radiation
72
laparotomy
cutting into abdomen.
73
exploratory basis
thăm dò
74
phlebotomy
cutting into vein
75
-trophy
development, nourishment
76
hypertrophy
excesssive development of cell size
77
atrophy
no development, decrease of cell size
78
radiographer
a technologist who assist in the making of diagnostic x-ray pictures.
79
leukemia
malignant white blood cell cancer
80
pneumonia
\nu̇-ˈmō-nyə, nyu̇-\
condition of the lungs
81
arteriole
small artery
82
venule
small vein
83
mucus
secretion substance
| chất nhầy
84
esophagus
structure within the pharynx
85
nephropathy
condition of kidney disease
86
protrusion
đưa ra
87
hiatal hernia
thoát vị cơ hoành
e.g. a hiatal hernia occurs when the stomach protrudes upward into the mediastinum through the esophageal opening in the diaphragm.
88
inguinal hernia
inguinal hernia occurs when part of the intestine protrudes downward into the groin region and commonly into the scrotal sac in the male.
89
rectocele
the protrusion of a portion of the rectum toward the vagina.
90
omphalo
umbilicus, navel
91
omphalocele
a herniation of the intestines through a weakness in the abdominal wall around the navel occuring in infants at birth.
92
fetus
embryo after the 8th week
93
abscess
áp-xe, sự tụ mũ cục bộ
94
infant
a child in the first period of life
95
withdrawn
rút ra
96
staphylococcal lesion
sang thương tụ cầu
97
boil
mụn
98
stye
chỗ sưng tấy ở bờ mí mắt
99
rheumatic fever
sốt thấp tim
100
sinuses
cavities
101
valves of the heart
van tim
102
abscess
a collection of pus, white blood cells, and protein that is present at the site of infection.
103
MRSA
methicillin- resistant Staphylococcus aureus
104
gonococci
lậu cầu
| e.g.
105
gono
seed
106
erythrocytes
these cells are made in the bone marrow (soft tissue in the center of certain bones). They carry oxygen from the lungs through the blood to all body cells. Body cells use oxygen to burn food and release energy (catabolism).
107
granulocytes
BC hạt
108
polymorphonuclear cells
tb BC đa nhân
| contain dark-staining granules in their cytoplasm and have a multilobed nucleus. They are formed in the bone marrow
109
multilobed nucleus
nhan co nhieu thuy
110
eosinophil
(granules stain red [eosin/o = rosy] with acidic stain) are active and increased in number in allergic conditions such as asthma. About 3% of leukocytes are eosinophils.
111
asthma
hen suyễn
112
basophils
(granules stain blue with basic [bas/o = basic] stain.) The function of basophil is not clear, but the number of these cells increases in the healing phase of inflammation. Less than 1% of leukocytes are basophils
113
neutrophils
(granules stain a pale purple with neutral stain) are important disease-fighting cells. They are phagocytes (phago = eating, swallowing). They engulf and digest bacteria. They are the most numerous disease-fighting "soldiers" (50% to 60% of leukocytes are neutrophils) and are referred to as "polys" or polymorphonuclear leukocytes bc of their multilobed nucleus.
114
platelets
the third type of blood cell. These are actually tiny fragments of cells formed in the bone marrow and necessary for blood clotting,
115
Anemia
no blood. However, in medical language and usage, anemia is a condition of reduction in the number of erythrocytes or in the amount of hemoglobin in the circulating blood cells.
116
aplastic anemia
a severe type, occurs then bone marrow fails to produce not only erythrocytes but leukocytes and thrombocytes as well.
thiếu máu bất sản
117
ischemia
to hold back blood from a part of the body. Tissue that becomes ischemic loses its normal flow of blood and becomes deprived of oxygen. Ischemia can be caused by blood clots lodging in a vessel or by the closing off (occlusion) of a vessel with fatty material.
118
acromegaly
an endocrine disoder. It occurs when the pituitary gland, attached to the base of the brain, produces an excessive amount of hormone after the completion of puberty. The excess growth hormone most often results from a benign tumor of the pituitary gland. A person with acromegaly typically is of normal height bc the long bones have stopped growth after puberty, but bones and soft tissue in the hands, feet, and face grow abnormally. In some cases, high levels of growth hormone be4 completion of puberty produce excessive growth of long bones (gigantism)
119
tonsils
lymphatic tissue in the back of the throat. They contain white blood cells that filter and fight bacteria.
120
splenomegaly
the spleen is an organ in the left upper quadrant ( LUQ) of the abdomen (below the diaphragm and to the side of the stomach). Composed of lymph tissue and blood vessels, it disposes of dying red blood cells and manufactures white blood cells (lymphocytes) to fight disease. Splenomegaly occurs with development of high blood pressure in hepatic veins and hemolytic blood diseases (anemias involving excessive destruction or lysis of red blood cells). If the spleen í removed (splenectomy), other organs carry out these functions.
121
achrondroplasia
an inherited disorder in which the bones of the arms and legs fail to grow to normal size bc of a defect in cartilage and bone. It results in a type of dwarfism characterized by short limbs, a normal-size head and body, and normal intelligence.
122
prominent forehead
trán vồ
123
depressed nasal bridge
mũi tẹt
124
blepharotosis
this condition may be congenital (appear at birth) can occur with aging, or may be associated with stroke (cerebrovascular accident), cranial nerve damage, and other neurologic disorders. the eyelid droops bc of muscle weakness.
125
laparoscopy or peritoneoscopy
minimally invasive surgery
126
adenoids
small masses of lymphatic tissue in the part of the pharynx (throat) near the nose and nasal passages. The literal meaning, "resembling gland" is appropriate bc they r neither endocrine nor exocrine glands. Enlargement of adenoids may cause blockage of the airway from the nose to the pharynx, and adenoidectomy may be advised. The tonsils also are lymphatic tissue, and their location as well as that of the adenoids is indicated.
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