Chapter 3 adaptive quiz Flashcards
Most _____________ contain approximately 110 amino acids, and each β sheet contains three to six strands and each pair of β sheets is further stabilized by intrachain disulfide bonds.
Ig domains
Upon activation by antigen, signals from the antigen receptor instruct the _____________ machinery to make both types of heavy chain mRNA.
RNA splicing
When the B cell is resting, it makes the mRNA encoding only the (what form of antibody?)
membrane-bound form.
The process by which ligand binding to a cellular receptor is translated into a modification in cellular activity is referred to as
signal transduction
_____________ pathways can culminate in cellular functions such as the release of effector molecules from preformed vesicles, the destruction or modification of particular proteins, the alteration of mRNA stability, or the initiation of _____________.
signal transduction, apoptosis
Compared to the BCR Complex, the TCR Complex
is noncovalently associated with the ITAM-bearing CD3 complex which is responsible for transducing the antigen-binding signal to the interior of the cell.
what is the main function of the IL-17B cytokine family?
Induces proinflammatory cytokine expression and neutrophil recruitment
Which of the following is/are the ligands of the NLR receptor family?
Fragments of intracellular or extracellular bacterial cell wall peptidoglycans
Calcium release from the endoplasmic reticulum leads to:
activation of calcineurin
activation of NFAT
septic shock is caused by gram negative bacteria simulating DCs and Macrophages via _____ to overproduce which cytokines?
TLR; IL-1 and TNF-alpha
cytokine storm refers to
postive feedback loop activating too many immune cells. causes excaberted lungs in SARS-CoV-2
the cytokine related to HTLV Is
IL-2
The cytokine related to myleomas, cardiac myxoma cells, cervical and bladder cancer is
IL-6
the cytokine related to hodgkin’s lymphoma is
IL-5
cytokine related to lupus is
IL-10
