Chapter 3 Connect Questions

Question 1

What are two common uses of fats in the bodies of animals?

Answer 1

Long-term energy storage & insulation

Question 2

What class of organic molecules plays a primary role in the structure and function of the cell?

Answer 2

Proteins

Question 3

The name of ‘amino acid’ is given to a particular type of organic molecule because of the presence of which functional groups?

Answer 3

An amino group and a carboxyl end

Question 4

A ___________ group helps determine the functional aspects of an organic molecule.

Answer 4

functional

Question 5

Carbohydrates can play a structural role in animal muscle cells.

Answer 5

False (carbohydrates play a structural role in plants and fungi)

Question 6

A polypeptide is made of

Answer 6

Amino acids joined together by peptide bonds

Question 7

Identify the different forms of carbohydrates.

Answer 7

Monosaccharide
Disaccharide
Polysaccharide

Question 8

Simple sugars, like glucose or ribose, are monomers called

Answer 8

Monosaccharides

Question 9

To form a peptide bond a ______ reaction is necessary.

Answer 9

Dehydration synthesis

Question 10

What determines the final shape of the protein molecule?

Answer 10

The amino acid sequence

Question 11

A(n) _______ is a biological molecule that is composed of many monomers linked together.

Answer 11

Polymer

Question 12

A functional groups position on an organic molecule is represented by the letter

Answer 12

R

Question 13

Select the functions of carbohydrates.

Answer 13

Immediate energy source
Structural components of organisms

Question 14

During digestion polymers are broken down into

Answer 14

Monomers

Question 15

Which biological molecules are composed of a long hydrocarbon chain with a carboxyl (COOH) group at one end?

Answer 15

Fatty acid

Question 16

What is the name for the covalent bond that forms between an amino group of one amino acid and the carboxyl group of an adjacent amino acid?

Answer 16

Peptide bond

Question 17

Proteins that act as catalysts in metabolic reactions are called

Answer 17

Enzymes

Question 18

Identify some common sources of gluten.

Answer 18

Barley
Wheat
Rye

Question 19

Animals can contain chitin in their exoskeleton.

Answer 19

True

Question 20

Primary

Answer 20

The sequence of amino acids

Question 21

Secondary

Answer 21

Alpha helices and beta pleated sheets

Question 22

Tertiary

Answer 22

3D shape of a single chain of amino acids

Question 23

Quaternary

Answer 23

Arrangement of more than one polypeptide

Question 24

Which of the following characteristics do all lipids have in common?

Answer 24

They are all insoluble in water

Question 25

Cells, tissues, and organs are collectively composed of

Answer 25

Biological molecules, or biomolecules.

Question 26

The chemistry of carbon, with its four electrons in its outer shell, is what makes it able to form diverse organic molecules.

Answer 26

True

Question 27

What group of organic molecules function as carriers or channels within cell membranes, make motion possible, and help to defend the body against disease?

Answer 27

Proteins

Question 28

How many categories of biomolecules are there?

Answer 28

4

Question 29

Chitin is a polymer composed of ______ molecules.

Answer 29

Glucose

Question 30

Bacon, lard and butter are all forms of ______.

Answer 30

Fats

Question 31

Which molecule contains three fatty acids bound to a glycerol?

Answer 31

Triglyceride

Question 32

Which of these are the polymers of nucleotides?

Answer 32

Nucleic acids

Question 33

What organic molecule has an -NH2 group on one end, and a -COOH group on the other?

Answer 33

Amino acid

Question 34

Simple sugars have a carbon backbone of ______ to ______ carbons.

Answer 34

3, 7

Question 35

The amino acid sequence of a polypeptide determines what about the protein?

Answer 35

Its final shape

Question 36

A combination of bonded atoms attached to a carbon skeleton, which always reacts in the same way, is known as a(n)

Answer 36

Functional group

Question 37

Select three typical functions of proteins.

Answer 37

Act as a regulatory hormones Act as support Act as enzymes

Question 38

______ is a protein that leads to celiac disease when the body misidentifies it as a foreign pathogen.

Answer 38

Gluten

Question 39

Biological molecules such as fats, oils, and waxes are called

Answer 39

Lipids

Question 40

Protecting internal organs and providing insulation are features of

Answer 40

Fats

Question 41

Identify the two elements that are joined by a peptide bond.

Answer 41

Carbon Nitrogen

Question 42

Protein

Answer 42

One or more polypeptide chains folded into complex shapes

Question 43

Polypeptide

Answer 43

A long chain of amino acids joined together

Question 44

Peptide bond

Answer 44

Joins adjacent amino acids together

Question 45

What type of lipid do plants use for long-term energy storage?

Answer 45

Oils

Question 46

Which two of these biological molecules are nucleic acids?

Answer 46

DNA RNA