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BIO 2130 > Chapter 30 > Flashcards

Chapter 30 Flashcards

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1
Q

Shoots

A

Anything above ground

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2
Q

Roots

A

Roots

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3
Q

Indeterminant growth

A

grow throughout life

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4
Q

What are important ions for plant growth?

A

N.P.K.Mg

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5
Q

Why is SA/V important in plants

A

Large Sa/V to catch light in shoots, bringing up water in xylem, and bringing in water for Roots

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6
Q

diversity of roots and shoots (3 things)

A

morphological diversity, phentypic plasticity, specilization

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7
Q

Different types of root morphologies

A

taproots, lateral roots, perennial

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8
Q

taproots

A

roots that grown down

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9
Q

Lateral roots

A

roots that grow side to side

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10
Q

adventitious roots

A

roots that form differnet special tissues (anchor, pneumatophores, prop, and storage)

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11
Q

anchor roots

A

roots that have long hair to attach to walls (veritcal) ex. ivy

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12
Q

Pneumatophores

A

roots that grow up that allow gas exchange

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13
Q

Prop roots

A

roots that grow a bit up out of the ground to stabilize plants such as corn

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14
Q

sotrage roots

A

roots that store strach such as beets

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15
Q

Shoot system important term list

A

Apical bud, Axillary bus, Node, Internode, Branch, stem

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16
Q

Apical bud

A

Highest most bud

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17
Q

Axillary bud

A

Any other bud that is not apical

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18
Q

Bud

A

tip of each steam/branch

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19
Q

Node

A

A place where a branch can form

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20
Q

Internode

A

the space inbetween nodes

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21
Q

Modified stems list

A

Water sotrage, Tubers, Stolons, Thorns, Rhizomes

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22
Q

Water-storage stems

A

Its in the name dude

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23
Q

Tubers

A

Starch storing stems (Potatos)

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24
Q

Stolons

A

Lateral nodes that are on the ground that can produce new nodes

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25
Thorns
Its a fucking thorn
26
Rhizomes
Similar to stolons, but they are underground and store some carbohydrates
27
Simple leaf
A singular leaf that doesnt split
28
Compound leaf
a leaf blade that divides into leaflets
29
Modified leafs list
Bulbs, Floral mimics, Succulent, Traps, Tendrils
30
Bulbs
Leafs that store starch inbetween leafs (Onions)
31
Floral mimics
Leafs that looks like flowers to attract pollinators (poinsettia)
32
Succulent leaves
Leaves that store water (aloe vera)
33
Traps
Leafs that are traps to insects (pitcher plant)
34
Tendrils
Leafs that erap around something to hold structure (phentypicplastidy)
35
Simple tissues vs. Complex
Simple tissues are single types of cells, and complex tissues are made out of many cells
36
Dermal tissue
Outermost layer of
37
Ground Tissue
Tissues that makes up most of the system
38
Vascular Tissue
tissues that move solutes and water``
39
Types of dermal tissue cells
Epidermal cells, Stomata, Trichomes
40
Epidermal cells
makes majority of the dermal layer and is used for protection
41
Stomata
Regulate gas exchange via the opening of guard cells
42
Trichomes
Hair like appendages that reflect sunlgiht, keep h2o in, also is used for sensory system(venus fly trap)
43
Types of ground tissues
Parenchyma, Collenchyma, Sclerenchyma
44
Parenchyma
most abudant of ground tissue cells
45
Collenchyma
Simple flexible structure for growing plants
46
Sclerenchyma
complex dead at maturity cells that are composed of lignin and cellulose (secondary walls)
47
Orginization of root systems
Cellular division, elongation, and maturation
48
Maturation
Oldest part of the plant that grows root hairs
49
elongation
Cells of this part of the root elongate so it can access water
50
Area of cell divison
New cells are made by apical meristem and is protected by a rootcap
51
Primary growth
Elongation and height
52
Secondary growth
widening and increases conducting tissue (bark)
53
Cambium
(vascular and cork) a cylinder of running length caused by secondary growth
54
Vascular cambium
cabium between xylem and pholem
55
Cork cambium
located near the outer perimeter (deals with water collection)
56
2 Important vascular ttissues
Xylem and Phloem
57
Xylem
Moves H2o from roots to shoots
58
Parts of Xylem
Trachieds and Vessel Elements (only angiosperms)
59
Trachieds
like holes in vascular tissue that helps water move via adhesion
60
vessel elements
seperate layers of the vascular layer
61
Parts of Phloem
Sieve tub elements, companion cells
62
sieve tub elements
similar to vessel elements where vascualrur is joined by a plate with holes on it
63
companion cells
cells attached to the phloem that control the solute concetration to induce movement of solutues and water
64
water potential
the PE of water
65
solute potential
the ammount that solutes influences osmosis
66
Pressure potential
water moving in response to pressure change
67
How does water move into vascular tissue?
symplastic, transmembrane and apoplastic
68
Symplastic
uses plasmodesmata to move water through
69
transmembrane
uses aquaporins to move h2o
70
apoplastics
water moves through the spaces inbetween the cell (cannot pass the casparian strip)
71
casparian strip
cell wall that protects xylem from losing water
72
Guttation
secretion of water droplets from the pores of plants
73
Bulk flow
mass movement of h2o along a pressure gradient
74
Sugar sinks and sources
Sinks: areas that need sugar/cannot pruce it sources: areas that do not need sugar/produce it
75
how does pholem work with companion cells to move sugars?
comapnion cells hold solutes and when water is introduced from the xylem, it moves down to a sink cell
76
Tonoplasts
large vacuole that stores sucrose and soultes are introduced by secondary transport

BIO 2130 (14 decks)

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