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Biology 1407 > Chapter 32 An Overveiw Of Anmial Diversity > Flashcards

Chapter 32 An Overveiw Of Anmial Diversity Flashcards

1
Q

How do animals obtain food?

A

Ingestion

All are heterotrophs

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2
Q

Do animals have cell walls?

How are bodies held together?

A

No

Structural proteins such as collagen

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3
Q

What are two types of specialization tissue seen in animals to help with movement?

A

Nervous tissue and muscle tissue

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4
Q

A zygote is _______-celled

A

Single

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5
Q

Mitotic cell division without cell growth

A

Cleavage

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6
Q

Multicellular embryonic stage, hollow ball

A

Blastula

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7
Q

The process where Layers of embryonic tissue that will develop into adult body parts are produced

  • major cell movement
  • blastula develops into gastrula
  • 3 germ layers
A

Gastrulation

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8
Q

What are the three germ layers?

A

Ectoderm
Endoderm
Mesoderm

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9
Q

Many animals have at least one ________ stage

A

Larval

Larva-sexually immature form of the animal and looks structurally different than the adult. May have different habitats, food, etc

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10
Q

a juvenile resembles an adult, but is not yet sexually mature

A

Incomplete metamorphosis

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11
Q

Do you sponges have Hox genes?

A

No

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12
Q
  • gene expression of segment
  • regulate the development of body form
  • determine identity of particular segments
A

Hox genes

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13
Q

Hox genes are only present in ___________.

A

Animals

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14
Q

Protists that are a sister group to animals

Collar cells are almost identical

A

Choanoflagellates

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15
Q

*Closest living relative to animals…

A

Choanoflagellates

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16
Q

How are animals characterized by?

A

“Body plans”

Morphological and developmental traits

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17
Q

Two-sided symmetry

Animals with this symmetry move more rapidly

Planes include-dorsal, ventral, right and left, anterior, posterior

A

Bilateral symmetry

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18
Q

Central nervous system, anterior brain

Seen in animals with bilateral symmetry

A

cephalization

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19
Q

Two types of symmetry seen in animals

A

Radial

Bilateral

20
Q

Collections of specialized cells isolated from other tissues by membranous layers

A

Tissues

21
Q

What are the four things animals are classified by?

A
  • symmetry
  • body cavity
  • tissues
  • proto/Deutero
22
Q

This germ layer covers the embryos surface

A

Ectoderm

23
Q

Is the inner most germ layer and lines the developing digestive tub, called the archenteron

A

Endoderm

24
Q

Middle germ layer

A

Mesoderm

25
Q

What germ layers do sponges have?

A

None

26
Q
  • only ectoderm and endoderm are present
  • does not go past the tissue level
  • Cnidarians and a few other groups
A

Diploblastic

27
Q

Are radial animals diploblastic or triploblastic?

A

Diploblastic

28
Q
  • All three germ layers are present
  • all levels of organization are present ex: organs, organ systems
  • flatworms, Arthropods, vertebrae’s, and others
A

Triploblastic

29
Q

All bilaterians are ____________.

A

Triplobalstic

30
Q

Most triploblastic animals possess a ___________.

A

Body cavity

31
Q

Fluid or air filled space between digestive tract in the outer body wall

A

Body cavity

32
Q
  • A true body cavity

- derived from mesoderm

A

Coelom

33
Q

Animals that possess a true coelom

A

Coelomates

34
Q

What’s the purpose of the body cavity?

A

Cushion, allows room for growth and movement (heart, intestines)

35
Q

In ____________, internal organs are more complex, and they are reels together by mesenteries

(Mollusks, Annelids, arthropods, echinoderms, and chordates)

A

Coelomates

36
Q

In ____________ coelom is not completely lined by mesoderm

Surround by mesoderm and endoderm

(Roundworms-nematada), ratifers-rotifera

A

Pseudocoelom

37
Q

___________ lack body cavity

No coelom within its mesoderm layer (flatworm)

A

Acelomate

38
Q

Based on early development many animals can be categorized as having ____________ development or _____________ development

A

Protostome (spiral cleavage),

deuterostome (vertical cleavage)

39
Q

____________ development

-cleavage is spiral and determinate

A

Protostome

40
Q

_____________ development

-cleavage is radial and indeterminate (fate is determined later)

A

Deuterostome

41
Q

Type of development…

-spitting of solid masses of mesoderm forms the coelom

A

Protostome

42
Q

Type of development….

-the mesoderm buds from the wall of the archentron to from the coelom
The out pocketing of the archentron

A

Deuterostome

43
Q

The _____________ forms during gastrulation and connects the archentron to the exterior of the gastrula

A

Blastopore

44
Q

In protostome development what does the blastopore become?

In deuterostome development what does the blastopore become?

A

Mouth

Anus

45
Q

Type of body plan…

-single opening, incomplete digestive system Ex: sponges

A

Sac plan

46
Q

Type of body plan…

-two separate openings complete digestive system

It Must be diplobalstic or triplobalstic?

A

Tube in a tube

Triplobalstic

47
Q

Presence of a head, so concentrations of sensory organs, feeding organs, and centers of neural integration

A

Cephalization

Biology 1407 (22 decks)

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