Chapter 4

Question 1

endosymbiosis

Answer 1

when a smaller cell lives inside a larger cell, its a symbiotic relationship

Question 2

What organelle that is responsible for most of a cell’s ATP production?

Answer 2

mitochondrion

Question 3

Cells of a given species typically vary in what two ways?

Answer 3

size and shape

Question 4

What is the complete protein composition of a cell or organism?

Answer 4

proteome

Question 5

What is the complete set of genetic info of a cell or organism?

Answer 5

genome

Question 6

What organelle is responsible for most of a cell’s ATP production?

Answer 6

mitochondrion

Question 7

The cell structure that has the property of being selectively permeable is?

Answer 7

plasma membrane

Question 8

Vesicle formation is facilitated by what? which helps vesicle bud from a given membrane?

Answer 8

coat proteins

Question 9

A _______________ is defined as the entire complement of an organism’s genetic material?

Answer 9

genome

Question 10

What causes Turgor pressure against the cell wall in a plant cell?

Answer 10

the size of the vauole

Question 11

What structure is unique to animal cells?

Answer 11

centrosome

Question 12

What is a stack of flattened thylakoid tublules?

Answer 12

Granum

Question 13

What molecule keeps other proteins in an unfolded state so they can be transported?

Answer 13

chaperone

Question 14

Plant seed have glyoxsomes that convert fats to?

Answer 14

sugars

Question 15

In order for proteins made in thecyosol to be directed to the appropriate organelle, they must have the proper signal with in their?

Answer 15

amino acid sequence

Question 16

What are the common components of the prokaryotic cell wall?

Answer 16

polypeptides and carbohydrates

Question 17

Large amounts of energy can be stored in covalent bonds of?

Answer 17

Fats and sugars

Question 18

What organelles have an acidic pH and break down carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and nucleic acids?

Answer 18

lysosomes

Question 19

What is the site of polypeptide synthesis in bacterial cells?

Answer 19

ribosomes

Question 20

Following protein synthesis, post-translational sorting can route proteins where>

Answer 20

endoplasmic reticulum, peroxisomes and mitochondria

Question 21

Identify all possible locations where ribosomes can be found

Answer 21

chloroplasts,cystol, mitochondria and endoplamic reticulum

Question 22

Microscope?

Answer 22

magnification tool

Question 23

resolution

Answer 23

measure of clarity

Question 24

contrast

Answer 24

application of dyes for a clearer image

Question 25

light microscope

Answer 25

uses light for illumination of images

Question 26

electron microscope

Answer 26

uses an electron beam for illumination of images

Question 27

genome

Answer 27

entire compliment of genetic material

Question 28

genes

Answer 28

info to produce cells with certain structure and functions

Question 29

prokaryote

Answer 29

single cell, no nucleus, bacteria and archaea