Chapter 4 - Compounds and Stoichiometry

Question 1

Compounds

Answer 1

Substances composed of 2 or more elements in a fixed proportion

Question 2

Molecular Weight

Answer 2

Mass (in amu) of the constituent atoms in a compound as indicated by the molecular formula

Question 3

Molar Mass

Answer 3

Mass of one mole (Avogadro’s number) of a compound
- g/mol

Question 4

Gram equivalent weight

Answer 4

Measure of the mass of a substance that can donate one equivalent of the species of interest

Question 5

Law of Constant Composition

Answer 5

States that any pure sample of a compound will contain the same elements in the same mass ratio

Question 6

Empirical formula

Answer 6

Smallest whole-number ration of the elements in a compound

Question 7

Molecular formula

Answer 7

Gives the exact number of atoms of each element in a compound

Question 8

Combination reactions

Answer 8

2 or more reactants combine to form 1 product

Question 9

Decomposition reactions

Answer 9

1 reactant is chemically broken down into 2 or more products

Question 10

Combustion reactions

Answer 10

A fuel and an oxidant react, forming the products water and carbon dioxide

Question 11

Displacement reactions

Answer 11

1 or more atoms or ions of one compound are replaced with 1 or more atoms or ions of another compound

Question 12

Single-displacement reactions

Answer 12

An ion of 1 compound is replaced with another element

Question 13

Double-displacement reactions

Answer 13

elements from 2 different compounds trade places with each other to form 2 new compounds

Question 14

Neutralization reactions

Answer 14

Those in which an acid reacts with a base to form a salt

Question 15

Limiting Reagent

Answer 15

Reactant that will be consumed first in a chemical reaction

Question 16

Theoretical yield

Answer 16

Amount of product generated if all of the limiting reagent is consumed with no side reactions