Chapter 8 - The Gas Phase

Question 1

Ideal Gas Law

Answer 1

Describes the relationship between the 4 variables of the gas state for an ideal gas

Question 2

Avogadro’s Principle

Answer 2

Pressure and temperature are held constant
- Direct relationship between the # of moles of gas and volume

Question 3

Boyle’s Law

Answer 3

Temperature and # of moles are held constant
- inverse relationship between pressure and volume

Question 4

Charles’s Law

Answer 4

Pressure and # of moles are held constant
- Direct relationship between temperature and volume

Question 5

Gay-Lussac’s Law

Answer 5

Volume and # of moles are held constant
- Direct relationship between temperature and pressure

Question 6

Combined Gas Law

Answer 6

Combination of Boyle’s, Charles’s, and Gay-Lussac’s laws
- Inverse relationship between pressure and volume along with direct relationships between pressure and volume with temperature

Question 7

Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressures

Answer 7

States that individual gas components of a mixture of gases will exert individual pressures in proportion to their mole fractions

Question 8

Henry’s Law

Answer 8

States that the amount of gas dissolved in solution is directly proportional to the partial pressure of that gas at the surface of a solution

Question 9

Kinetic Molecular Theory

Answer 9

Attempts to explain the behavior of gas particles

Question 10

Graham’s Law

Answer 10

Describes the behavior of gas diffusion or effusion, stating that gases with lower molar masses will diffuse or effuse faster than gases with higher molar masses at the same temperature

Question 11

Diffusion

Answer 11

Spreading out of particles from high to low concentration

Question 12

Effusion

Answer 12

Movement of gas from one compartment to another through a small opening under pressure

Question 13

Real Gases

Answer 13

Deviate from ideal behavior under high pressure (low volume) and low temperature conditions