Chapter 5 - Chemical Kinetics

Question 1

Gibbs Free Energy (ΔG)

Answer 1

Determined whether or not a reaction is spontaneous

Question 2

Intermediates

Answer 2

Molecules that exist within the course of a reaction but are neither reactants nor products overall

Question 3

Rate-determining step

Answer 3

Limits the max rate at which the reaction can proceed
- Slowest step

Question 4

Collision theory

Answer 4

States that a reaction rate is proportional to the # of effective collisions between the reactants

Question 5

Transition state theory

Answer 5

States that molecules form a transition state or activated complex during a reaction in which the old bonds are partially dissociated and the new bonds are partially formed

Question 6

Zero-Order reactions

Answer 6

Constant rate that does not depend on the concentration of reactant
- Affected by change in temp or catalyst
- Straight line; slope = -k

Question 7

First-Order reactions

Answer 7

Nonconstant rate that depends on the concentration of reactant
- Non-linear; slope of ln[A] vs time plot = -k

Question 8

Second-order reactions

Answer 8

Nonconstant rate that depends on the concentration of reactant
- Nonlinear; slope of 1/[A] vs time plot = k