Chapter 4 part 2 Flashcards
(42 cards)
What are some Epstein-Barr virus infections
Infectious mononucleosis
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Burkitt lymphoma
Hairy leukoplakia
In the United States, this occurs primarily among young adolescents and young adults; Kissing disease
Infectious mononucleosis
Hairy leukoplakia
An irregular, corrugated, white lesions most commonly occurring on the later border of the tongue
Most commonly with pts infected with HIV
How are Coxsackievirus infections transmitted
Fecal-oral contamination
Saliva
Respiratory droplets
The three distinctive oral lesions with Coxsackievirus infections
Herpangina
Hand-foot-mouth disease
Acute lymphonodular pharyngitis
Herpangina
Fever Malaise Sore throat Dysphagia Vesicles on the soft palate Erythematous pharyngitis *Resolves in less then 1 week without treatment
Hand-foot-mouth disease
Usually occurs in epidemics in children younger than 5 years of age
Resolves within 2 weeks
Multiple macules or papules occur on the skin, typically on the feet, toes, hands, and fingers
Oral lesions are painful vesicles that can occur anywhere in the mouth
Hand-foot-mouth disease
Acute Lymphonodular pharyngitis
Hyperplastic lymphoid tissue of the soft palate or tonsillar pillars appears as yellowish or dark pink nodules
Last several days to 2 weeks; usually no treatment
Other viral infections that may have oral manifestations
Measles
Mumps
Measles
Highly contagious disease causing systemic symptons and a skin rash
Koplik spots, small erythematous macules may occur in oral cavity
Caused by a type of virus called a paramyxovirus
Measles
Mumps
Viral infection of the salivary glands
Most commonly causes bilateral swelling of the parotid glands
How HIV is transmitted
Sexual contact
Contact with infected blood and blood products
Infected mothers to their infants
Infects cells of the immune system, particulary CD4 T-helper lymphocytes
HIV
This type of lymphocyte participates in cell-mediated immunity and in regulating the immune response
CD4 T-helper lymphocyte
The diagnosis of AIDS
HIV infections with severe CD4 lymphocyte depletion
Fewer than 200 CD4 lymphocytes per microfilter of blood
Normal level of CD4 lymphocyte
between 550 and 1000
What are the two antibody tests used to determine whether a person is infected with HIV
ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) is used first
When result of the test is positive twice, it is followed by the Western blot test
Initial infection of AIDS may be
Asymptomatic
AIDS-related complex is the occurrence of several signs and symptons together; what are they?
Oral candidiasis
Fatigue
Weight loss
Lymphadenopathy
When do antibodies to HIV usually begin to become detectable
About 6 weeks after infection
Window of infectivity
In some people, antibodies may not be detectable for 6 months or up to a year or longer
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
Used to measure the amount of HIV circulating in serum
The measured amount is the viral load
