Chapter 4 Vocab Quiz

Question 1

A group of members of the same species living in an area

Answer 1

Population

Question 2

The populations of different species living together in one area

Answer 2

Community

Question 3

The change in population number which is represented by the equation: (Births+ Immigration)-(Deaths+ Emigration)= Change in population number

Answer 3

Population growth

Question 4

If births plus immigration are more or less equal to deaths plus emigration over time

Answer 4

Equilibrium

Question 5

Population explosion under absolutely ideal conditions

Answer 5

J curve(exponential growth)

Question 6

If resources run out following an exponential growth in population, the population experiences a huge die off

Answer 6

Reverse J curve

Question 7

Natural mechanisms may cause the population to level off and continue in a dynamic equilibrium

Answer 7

S curve(logistic growth)

Question 8

Maximum population of a species that a given habitat can support without the habitat being degraded over long term

Answer 8

Carrying capacity(limit)

Question 9

Rate which members of species reproduce

Answer 9

Biotic potential

Question 10

Survival through early growth stages to become part of the breeding population

Answer 10

Recruitment

Question 11

Combination of biotic and abiotic factors that may limit population increase

Answer 11

Environmental resistance

Question 12

High biotic potential

Answer 12

r-strategists

Question 13

Low biotic potential

Answer 13

k-strategists

Question 14

Good early survival and die of old age

Answer 14

Type I survivorship curve

Question 15

Organisms die at a constant rate regardless of age

Answer 15

Type II survivorship curve

Question 16

Poor early survival, improves with age

Answer 16

Type III survivorship curve

Question 17

Number of individuals per unit area

Answer 17

Population density

Question 18

Factor that causes population growth to decrease

Answer 18

Limiting factor

Question 19

Limiting factor depending on population size

Answer 19

Density-depending limiting factor

Question 20

Affect all populations in similar ways, regardless populations size

Answer 20

Density-independent limiting factor

Question 21

States that no two species can occupy same niche in same habitat at same time

Answer 21

Competitive exclusion principle

Question 22

Lowest population level for survival and recovery

Answer 22

Critical number

Question 23

Species whose populations are declining rapidly

Answer 23

Threatened (Endangered Species Act)

Question 24

Population is near what scientists believe to be its critical number

Answer 24

Endangered (Endangered Species Act)

Question 25

Two organisms living together

Answer 25

Symbiosis

Question 26

Mutual benefit to both species

Answer 26

Mutualism

Question 27

One species benefits from the interaction and the other is adversely affected

Answer 27

Commensalism

Question 28

One species benefits from the interaction and the other is adversely affected

Answer 28

Parasitism

Question 29

Both species are adversely affected by the interaction

Answer 29

Competition

Question 30

Organisms that kill and eat other animals

Answer 30

Predator

Question 31

Organisms that are eaten by a predator

Answer 31

Prey

Question 32

Are consumers feeding on their hosts

Answer 32

Parasites

Question 33

Plant or animal that is fed upon

Answer 33

Host

Question 34

Consumers that eat plants

Answer 34

Herbivores

Question 35

Consumers that eat meat

Answer 35

Carnivores

Question 36

Consumers that feed on both plants and animals

Answer 36

Omnivores

Question 37

Agents that carry the parasite from one host to another

Answer 37

Vectors

Question 38

Animals that play an important role in maintaing an ecosystem

Answer 38

Keystone species

Question 39

Competition between members of same species

Answer 39

Intraspecific competition

Question 40

Defense of a resource against indiviuals of the same species

Answer 40

Territoriality

Question 41

When plants produce a large number of seedlings in a limited area

Answer 41

Self-thinning in plants

Question 42

5 species of North American warblers that coexist in the spruce forest of Maine

Answer 42

Resource partitioning

Question 43

Each factor that can affect which individuals survive and reproduce which are eliminated

Answer 43

Selective pressures

Question 44

Process by which populations of one species separate and develop into new species

Answer 44

Speciation

Question 45

When similar organisms live within the same location but fulfill different niches

Answer 45

Sympatric speciation

Question 46

When a new species is created over time because of physical separation of a population

Answer 46

Allopatric speciation

Question 47

A theory that helps explain volcanoes and earthquakes

Answer 47

Plate tectonics

Question 48

Hot material rises while cooler material sinks toward the interior

Answer 48

Convection currents

Question 49

Oceanic plates slide under a continental plate

Answer 49

Subduction zones

Question 50

Two continental plates converge resulting in the formation of mountain ranges

Answer 50

Collision zone

Question 51

Boundaries where two plates are sliding past each other causing earthquakes

Answer 51

Transform fault zones

Question 52

Animals or plants brought into an ecosystem from a foreign ecosystem

Answer 52

Introduces species