Chapter 5 Flashcards
(21 cards)
Cell
The smallest living unit of the body
Tissue
The same type of cells grouped together; the four types of tissue are epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous
Epithelial tissue
Skin tissue that lines our bodies inside and out
Connective tissue
A type of tissue that forms a matrix between the cells; it includes blood, bone, cartilage, and fat
Muscle tissue
Tissue that makes movement by contracting and relaxing when stimulated; there are three types of muscle tissue cells: smooth, cardiac, and skeletal
Smooth muscle
Muscle tissue that contracts and relaxes involuntarily
Cardiac muscle
A specialized type of muscle tissue that forms the heart and, when stimulated, forces it to beat involuntarily
Skeletal muscle
This tissue type is found wherever there are moving parts of the body; its movement is voluntary and purposeful
Nervous tissue
Tissue that sends, transmits, and receives electrical impulses, or messages, between the body and the brain
Peripheral nerves
The nerves that transmit signals to and from the spinal cord, allowing communication among the brain, the spinal cord, and the rest of the body
Organ
Two or more tissue types that function together
Organ system
When one organ functions in cooperation with another organ
Integumentary system
The skin, hair, sweat glands, fingernails, and toenails
Epidermis
The outermost layer of skin
Melanocyte
A cell in the skin that produces melanin, which gives color to the skin
Dermis
The middle layer of skin
Subcutaneous layer
The deepest layer of skin where adipose tissue is found
Hormone
A chemical that is secreted within the body by one of the endocrine glands, by certain organs of the body, or by adipose tissue
Toxicity
Drug levels in the body that are too high
Alimentary canal
The passage that makes up the digestive system, consisting of the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestines, large intestines, rectum, and anus
Peristalsis
The involuntary action of smooth muscle contracting and relaxing rhythmically
