Chapter 5

Question 1

Function of skeletal system

Answer 1

• supports body -protects soft organs -storage of minerals & fats
• blood cell formation -movement due to attached skeletal muscles

Question 2

Characteristics of compact vs spongy bone

Answer 2

Compact-homogenous Spongy-small needle like pieces of bone & many open spaces

Question 3

4 Types of bone

Answer 3

Long, short, flat, irregular

Question 4

Long bone

Answer 4

-Long vs wide -contain mostly compact bone -femur -humerus

Question 5

Short bone

Answer 5

-Cube shaped -contain mostly spongy bone -carpals -tarsals

Question 6

Flat bones

Answer 6

-Thing and flattened -curved -thin layers of compact bone around a layer of spongy bone -skull -ribs -sternum

Question 7

Irregular bones

Answer 7

-Irregular shape -do not fit into any other category -vertebrae -hip

Question 8

Long bone anatomy

Answer 8

Diaphysis -shaft (compact)
Epiphysis- ends of bone (spongy)
Central (haversian) canal- carries blood vessels & nerves
Lacunae- cavities containing osteocytes arranged in concentric rings

Question 9

Bone remodeling/healing steps

Answer 9

Hematoma formation
Fibrocartilage callus
Bony callus
Bone remodeling

Question 10

Closed/simple fracture

Answer 10

Break does not go through skin

Question 11

Open/compound fracture

Answer 11

Broken bone goes through skin

Question 12

Comminuted

Answer 12

Fragments

Question 13

Compression

Answer 13

Crushed

Question 14

Depressed

Answer 14

Pressed inward

Question 15

Impacted

Answer 15

Ends forced into each other

Question 16

Spiral

Answer 16

Ragged and twisted

Question 17

Greenstick

Answer 17

Incomplete

Question 18

Axial skeleton

Answer 18

Vertebral column
Skull
Bony thorax

Question 19

Appendicular skeleton

Answer 19

Limbs
Pectoral girdle
Pelvic girdle

Question 20

Foramen magnum

Answer 20

Occipital bone

Question 21

Lambodial suture

Answer 21

Between occipital and parietal bone

Question 22

Coronal suture

Answer 22

Between frontal and parietal bones

Question 23

Squamous suture

Answer 23

Between parietal and temporal bone

Question 24

Saggital suture

Answer 24

From frontal to occipital

Question 25

Vertebral column

Answer 25

``` Cervical 7 Thoracic 12 Lumbar 5 Sacrum 1 Coccyx 1 ```

Question 26

Ribs

Answer 26

True 1-7 False 8-12 Floating 11-12

Question 30

Male pelvis

Answer 30

Pubic arch <90° Heart shaped C-shaped sacrum Rounded ischial spine

Question 31

Synarthoses

Answer 31

Immovable joints

Question 31

Female pelvis

Answer 31

Pubic arch >90° Pelvic opening round Straight sacrum Rounded ischial spind

Question 32

Osteoporosis

Answer 32

Bones become fragile from loss of tissue Hormonal changes Deficiency of calcium of vitamin d

Question 33

Amphisrthroses

Answer 33

Slightly movable joints

Question 34

Osteoarthritis

Answer 34

Most common arthritis | Normal aging

Question 35

Diarthroses

Answer 35

Feely movable joints

Question 36

Rheumatoid arthritis

Answer 36

Auto immune disease Immune system attacks the joints Bilateral inflammation of certain joints and deformities

Question 39

Bones in Pelvic

Answer 39

Ilium Ischium Pubic bone

Question 40

Two largest bones in the foot

Answer 40

Talus | Calcaneus