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Sat World history > Chapter 5 > Flashcards

Chapter 5 Flashcards

1
Q

Accomplishments of the Persian empire?

A

Accomplishments of the Persian empire:

  1. developed networks of roads
  2. developed systems of underground irrigation
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2
Q

Who’s Cyrus 2?

A

Cyrus 2 is the first major leader of the union between the Persians and Medians

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3
Q

Who’s Darius 1?

A

Darius 1 was the greatest leader of the Persian empire

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4
Q

what happened to Persia under Darius 1?

A

Persia under Darius 1:

  1. first written language of Persia created
  2. codified legal codes
  3. standardized currency
  4. infrastructure (roads, canals, irrigation)
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5
Q

What was Darius 1’s ruling style?

A

Darius 1’s ruling style:

1. divided Persia into 20 provinces, each of which was headed by a satrap

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6
Q

what’s a satrap?

A

a provincial governor of Persia

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7
Q

What did satraps do?

A

satraps (provincial governors of Persia) collected tributes of money or resources for the king

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8
Q

What’s the Persian societal structure?

A

Persian societal structure:

  1. warriors
  2. priests
  3. peasants
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9
Q

What was the religion of the Persians?

A

Persians were zoroastrianists

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10
Q

Were the Persians monotheistic or polytheistic?

A

they were monotheistic

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11
Q

What’s the god of Zoroastrianism called?

A

ahuramazda

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12
Q

What’s a central feature of Zoroastrianism?

A

a central feature of Zoroastrianism is the struggle between good and evil

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13
Q

What’s linear b?

A

Linear B is a script that the greeks used

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14
Q

What’s Linear B like?

A

it’s written using pictograms

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15
Q

What’s a polis?

A

a polis is the city state of Greece

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16
Q

What’s an acropolis?

A

An acropolis was in ancient Greece a settlement, especially a citadel, built upon an area of elevated ground

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17
Q

What’s an agora?

A

an agora is a gathering place for trade in Greece

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18
Q

What’s the greek ruler Draco known for?

A

draconian (harsh) laws

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19
Q

Who’s Solon?

A

Solon was a king of Athens, Greece

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20
Q

What’s Solon’s greatest achievement?

A

solon’s greatest achievement was creating the council of four hundred

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21
Q

What’s Sparta?

A

sparta is the military of Peloponnesus

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22
Q

What’s Peloponnesus?

A

a peninsula in greece

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23
Q

Who’s cleisthenes?

A

another ruler of Athens, Greece

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24
Q

What did cleisthenes do?

A

he created voting districts, from which citizens were selected by lottery to the council of five hundred

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25
Q

who could participate democratically in the government in Athens, Greece?

A

free male citizens of athenian lineage

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26
Q

What’s the ionian revolt?

A

the ionian revolt is when some greek city states revolted against Persian rule

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27
Q

What’s the golden age of Athens?

A

the golden age is between the end of the Persian war in 479 BCE and 430 BCE.
- during this time athens founded the delian league

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28
Q

What’s the delian league?

A

a military alliance that Athens formed

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29
Q

What’s the parthenon?

A

a temple that honors Athena in athens

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30
Q

Who’s Pericles?

A

pericles

  1. led Athens into its golden age
  2. led athens into the Peloponnesian war and its downfall
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31
Q

What’s the Peloponnesian league?

A

a military alliance that sparta formed

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32
Q

What’s the Peloponnesian war?

A

sparta vs. Athens in greee

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33
Q

who won the Peloponnesian war?

A

sparta won

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34
Q

What did Phillip of macedon do?

A

he conquered the balkan peninsula and many greek city states

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35
Q

Who’s alexander the great?

A

Alexander the great was the macedonian king who conquered babylon, the heart of mesopotamia.

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36
Q

What’s the hellenistic age?

A

when Alex the great spread greek culture throughout the Persian empire

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37
Q

What was the religion of the greeks?

A

greeks were polytheistic

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38
Q

Who were the sophists?

A

wise men that developed rhetoric (persuasive speaking) in Greece

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39
Q

What are oracles

A

sacred places where the gods communicated directly with humans in greece

40
Q

what did socrates do?

A

a greek philosopher that focused on ethics

41
Q

Who’s plato?

A

plato founded a philosophical academy/college for young men in greece

42
Q

Who’s Aeneas?

A

a survivor of the trojan war

43
Q

Who are the Etruscans?

A

people who lived along the coast of Italy

44
Q

What’s the government in ancient Rome?

A

it’s republican

45
Q

What’s the gov’t system in ancient Rome like?

A
  1. branches of government
  2. a senate
  3. popular assemblies
46
Q

What’re the features of ancient Rome’s gov’t?

A
  1. yearly term limits

2. dual office holders

47
Q

What’s the primary legislative and deliberative body of the roman gov’t?

A

the senate

48
Q

What’re the punic wars?

A

the punic wars occurred between Carthage and Rome

49
Q

Who’s Hannibal?

A

a general from Carthage that invaded italy

50
Q

What did Julius caesar do?

A

he

  1. conquered france
  2. invaded Britain
51
Q

who is Julius caesar?

A

a leader of Rome

52
Q

who’s Octavian/augustus?

A

an emperor of Rome that was Caesar’s son

53
Q

what did Octavian do?

A

he created a new imperial gov’t system, and gave himself the emperor more power.

54
Q

What’s Pax Romana?

A

Rome’s greatest era of peace and prosperity

55
Q

Who’s Diocletian?

A

an emperor of Rome that created the tetrarchy, or rule of four

56
Q

what did Diocletian do?

A

he broke the Roman Empire into 2 pieces

  • one was ruled by rome
  • one was ruled by greece
57
Q

Who’s Constantine?

A

an emperor of Rome that was pro-Christian

58
Q

what did Constantine do?

A

Constantine passed the edict of Milan, which legalized Christianity

59
Q

What’s Constantinople?

A

the capital of Rome under Constantine’s rule

60
Q

What’s homer and odyssey?

A

greek epics originally told as oral histories and eventually written down and attributed to Homer

61
Q

What’s justinian code?

A

the rule of law that significantly impacted europe’s legal traditions.

62
Q

who’s emperor justinian?

A

the emperor of the byzantine empire between 527 and 565 CE.

63
Q

What was special about the persian empire?

A

it was respectful to the diverse people it conquered, even allowing local leaderships to remain in power.

64
Q

factors that caused the fall of rome?

A

factors that caused the fall of rome:

  1. political and economic instability
  2. barbarian invasions
  3. rise of christianity
  4. empire too big to manage
65
Q

what did emperor justinian do?

A
  1. he created the justinian code

2. constructed the Hagia sophia

66
Q

What’s the hagia sophia?

A

a church in Constantinople in the byzantine empire

67
Q

What’re the features of the Qin Dynasty?

A

features of the Qin Dynasty:

  1. bureaucracy
  2. standardized currency
  3. writing system
  4. weights and measures
68
Q

Government system of the qin dynasty?

A

bureaucracy

69
Q

What religion did the qin dynasty support

A

Legalism

70
Q

What’s the Qin dynasty ruler Qin shi huang known for?

A
  1. he supported legalism and hated other religions
    - he even started burning all books that didn’t promote legalism, and persecuted other religious officials
  2. he built a terra cotta army
  3. started building the great wall of china
71
Q

what caused the fall of the Qin dynasty?

A

peasants revolting caused the fall of hte qin dynasty

72
Q

Order these chinese dynasties from oldest to newest: Sui, Tang, Han, Qin

A
  1. Qin
    • 221-206 BCE
  2. Han
    • 206 BCE-220 CE
  3. Sui
    • 581-618 CE
  4. Tang
    • 618-907 CE

(don’t need to know the dates exactly, just have a general idea)

73
Q

Who founded the han dynasty

A

liu bang

74
Q

What was the dominant religion in the han dynasty?

A

confucianism

75
Q

What happened under han dynasty leader Liu Bang’s rule?

A
  1. confucianism became popular
  2. china developed the firt civil service
  3. created silk road
76
Q

What was the civil service that the han dynasty created?

A

it made gov’t positions open to everyone that could pass the exams

77
Q

What was the size of the han dynasty?

A

it included areas in korea and vietnam.

78
Q

What’s the silk road?

A

silk road are the trade routs along which silk and other luxury goods flowerd to the West.

79
Q

Which dynasty created the silk road?

A

Han dynasty

80
Q

Who founded the sui dynasty?

A

emperor wen

81
Q

What did the sui dynasty do?

A

sui dynasty:

  1. unified central china
  2. built the Grand Canal
82
Q

What was the religion during the sui dynasty?

A

the sui dynasty supported taoism, confucianism, and buddhism (very open-minded)

83
Q

what’s the grand canal?

A

the grand canal linked the yangzi and yelow rivers in china

84
Q

What did the tang dynasty do?

A

tang dynasty:

  1. created the block printing system
  2. spread buddhism
85
Q

What were the two empires in india?

A
  1. mauryan empire

2. gupta empire

86
Q

Who ruled the mauryan empire?

A

chandragupta maurya

87
Q

What did the mauryan empire in india do?

A

mauryan empire:

  1. state structure
  2. caste structure
88
Q

Who ruled the mauryan empire after the first leader chandragupta maurya?

A

chandragupta maurya’s GRANDSON Asoka did

89
Q

What did Asoka, the second leader of the mauryan empire, do?

A

asoka

  1. expanded buddhism by converting to it and making it the state religion,and by constructing gigantic stone pillars
  2. weakened Hinduism
90
Q

Who ruled the gupta empire?

A

chandra gupta

91
Q

What did the gupta empire in india do?

A

gupta empire:

  1. supported hinduism
  2. weakened buddhism
  3. began the sanskrit language
92
Q

which indian empire began the sanskrit language?

A

the gupta empire

93
Q

What remained dominant throughout the Qin, Han, Sui, and Tang dynasties in China?

A
  1. chinese language and culture

2. confucian philosophy

94
Q

How were the falls of the Greece, Rome, Persia, and India empires similar?

A
  1. hard to govern culturally diverse peoples
  2. barbarian invasions
  3. foreign religions and philosophies
  4. citizen revolts
95
Q

What religions did zoroastrianism influence?

A
  1. judaism
  2. christianity
  3. islam
96
Q

What’s iliad and odyssey?

A

greek epics originally told as oral histories by Homer

97
Q

What’s the block printing system?

A

the chinese tang dynasty created it, printing patterns using woodern blocks

Sat World history (6 decks)

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