Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Sat World history > Chapter 6 > Flashcards

Chapter 6 Flashcards

1
Q

What’re the 3 great monotheistic religions of the world

A

judaism, christianity, and islam

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

similarities between judaism, christianity, and islam?

A

similarities between judaism, christianity, and islam:

  1. worship one single god: the same god
  2. they trace their history back to the patriarch Abraham
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what does patriarch mean?

A

father

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Where is Abraham from, according to judaism?

A

ancient mesopotamia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Who’s abraham?

A

abraham is The patriarch who is considered the founder of the three major monotheistic faiths: Judaism, Christianity, and Islam

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Who’s king david?

A 
king david 
1. united the Jewish people 
2. moved the capital to
Jerusalem. 
3. David and his son Solomon ruled over the united people of Israel during a Jewish golden age (c. 1020 B.C.E. to c. 920 B.C.E.)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What’s the Babylonian Captivity?

A

the Babylonian Captivity was when
1. After Israel was destroyed in 586 B.C.E., the Jewish people began their period of living in exile from their homeland.

  1. Many of the Hebrew Scriptures were written down during this time period.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What’re the Old and New Testaments?

A

Old and New Testaments are the two primary components of Christian Scripture.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What’s the Old testament?

A

The Old Testament shares the stories of the Jewish people

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What’s the new testament

A

the New Testament the stories of Jesus’ life and the early Christian church.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Who’s Paul the Apostle?

A

Paul the Apostle is

  1. The author of much of the New Testament
  2. Paul opened Christianity up to the Gentiles, or non-Jews, causing it to spread
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What’s Great Schism of 1054

A

Great Schism of 1054 was The split between the Eastern and Western Christian churches because of theological differences.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Who ruled what during the Great Schism of 1054?

A

The Western church was ruled from Rome, while the Eastern church was ruled from Constantinople.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What’s the Hadith?

A

accounts of Muhammad’s saying and actions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What’re the Five Pillars of Islam?

A

Five Pillars of Islam are The foundational practices of Islam:

  1. the profession of faith
  2. prayer
  3. alms-giving
  4. fasting during Ramadan
  5. pilgrimage to Mecca
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What’re the Sunnis and Shi’ites?

A

Sunnis and Shi’ites are The two primary sects of Islam.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What’re the vast majority of muslims?

A

The vast majority of Muslims are Sunni

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are the Sunni Muslims?

A

they follow the established succession of power from

the first four Caliphs to the Umayyad dynasty.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are the Shi’ite muslims?

A

they reject the Umayyads and follow the family of Ali.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What’s the vedas?

A

vedas are The earliest religious texts of Hinduism, which are made up of a
collection of poems and rituals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Who’s Siddhartha Gautama?

A

Siddhartha Gautama is The founder of Buddhism, who rejected his earthly life to pursue nirvana

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What’s shinto?

A

Shinto is A religion native to Japan that centers on the forces of nature and how
they manifest in the physical world

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

When did judaism begin?

A

aorund 1800 BCE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What’s the first great monotheistic religion?

A

Judaism developed as the first great monotheistic religion.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Is hinduism polytheistic or monotheistic?

A

polytheistic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

what did buddhism come from?

A

Buddhism arose out of Hinduism in the 6th century B.C.E.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

How did buddhism form?

A

The man born Siddhartha Gautama became the Buddha after having reached
nirvana, ultimate enlightenment.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

what did christianity come from?

A
  1. Christianity arose out of Judaism about 2,000 years ago

2. formed around the teachings of Jesus of Nazareth.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What religions did christianity clash with?

A

judaism and islam

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What’s the most recent of the great religions to develop?

A

Islam is the most recent of the great religions to develop, not arising until the 7th century C.E.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

What’s islam’s holy book?

A

The Qur’an is Islam’s holy book.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

What’s Islam?

A

Islam centers on the figure of Muhammad, who claims to have been visited by the angel Gabriel and given the word of God to memorize and spread to others.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Why’s abraham’s life important?

A

his life marked the formation of a holy covenant, or agreement, between God and the ancient Jews.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

what’s the Ark of the Covenant?

A

the Ark of the Covenant is a group of hebrews that believed the sacred law tables given by God to Moses were held.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

What did king david do?

A

King David successfully united the Jews and moved his administrative capital to Jerusalem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Who’s King David’s son?

A

King Solomon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

What did King David’s son King Solomon do?

A

commissioned the building of the First Temple in Jerusalem around 960 B.C.E.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

What happened after king solomon died?

A

the once-unified kingdom was split into two.

  1. The northern half, called Israel, had its capital at Samaria
  2. while the southern half, called Judah, had its capital at Jerusalem.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

what was early judaism like?

A

highly patriarchal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

What’re the two ancient jewish kingdoms?

A

israel and judah

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

What did Babylonian king Nebuchadnezzar do?

A

The Babylonian king Nebuchadnezzar

  1. conquered Judah
  2. started the babylonian captivity
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

What did Babylonian king Nebuchadnezzar do to start the babylonian captivity?

A

Nebuchadnezzar

  1. destroyed the temple of Jerusalem, the center of Jewish worship, and exiled the Jewish ruling classes, taking them back to Babylon.
  2. This period of exile is known as the Babylonian Captivity and marks the beginning of the Jewish “Diaspora”
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

What’re synagogues?

A

gathering places in which the community could

worship and participate in educational activities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

What’s sabbath?

A

jewish day of rest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

Who are the maccabees?

A

military rulers of the Hasmonean dynasty.

46
Q

what did the maccabees do?

A

leaders of a jewish revolt that regained hebrew rule over judea.

47
Q

What’s the history behind Hannukah?

A

the day that the maccabees led a jewish revolt that regained hebrew rule over judea.

48
Q

What were the effects of the maccabees? (2)

A
  1. reducied the influence of Hellenistic culture among the Jews
  2. expanded the boundaries of Judea by conquering neighboring provinces.
49
Q

Who’s herod?

A

a roman that ruled over the Jews and built Masada, a fortress in Judea

50
Q

What’s the Bar Kokhba Rebellion or third revolt?

A

the jewish peoples’ failed attempt at getting rid of Roman rule.

51
Q

What’s the Zionist?

A

Zionist was the Jewish movement to return to the homeland in the late 19th century

52
Q

What two religions came from judaism?

A
  1. christianity
  2. islam

Christianity, also a monotheistic religion, itself began as a Jewish sect. And even Islam traces its history to the Jewish patriarch Abraham.

53
Q

who’s Pontius Pilate in christianity?

A

Pontius Pilate was a Roman that held the mock trial to crucify Jesus

54
Q

Many of the foundational teachings of Christianity come from what?

A

Many of the foundational teachings of Christianity come from APOSTLE PAUL

55
Q

why did the romans hate christians?

A

they refused to worship the roman emperors

56
Q

Many of the earliest Christians were what?

A

Many of the earliest Christians were slaves and women, who may have found Christianity’s emphasis on the equality of all believers somewhat liberating.

57
Q

What’s the Council of Nicaea?

A

Council of Nicaea is a meeting of Christian bishops, to

resolve theological differences between different Christian groups.

58
Q

who’s Emperor Theodosius and what did he do?

A

Emperor Theodosius was a Roman emperor that required all romans to believe in christianity as the state religion

59
Q

Who’s the pope?

A

the head bishop

60
Q

Who’s the founder of islam?

A

Muhammad, an Arab merchant

61
Q

What’s the Qur’an?

A

Muslims believe it is the word of God

62
Q

What’re some beliefs of islam?

A
  1. Muhammad was the final messenger from God to the people of earth
  2. Muslims are descended not from Abraham’s son Ishmael
63
Q

what does islam mean

A

submission (to God)

64
Q

What’re the bases of islamic law?

A

the qur’an and the hadith

65
Q

What’s shari’a?

A

islamic law

66
Q

What’re qadis?

A

islamic judges

67
Q

What’re the five pillars of islam?

A

The Five Pillars of Islam are the five basic tenets of the faith, combining individual spiritual responsibility, social justice, and worship of one God (monotheism).

68
Q

what’re the muslim prayer requirements?

A

Muslims are required to pray five times a day in the direction of Mecca

69
Q

What’s hajj?

A

musim pilgrimage to mecca

70
Q

What’s medina?

A

an agricultural center that muhammed fled to in 622

71
Q

What’s the hijra?

A

muhammed’s move to medina in 622

72
Q

What’s umma?

A

a community of believers in islam

73
Q

What’s special about the town of mecca?

A

for islam, it’s the site of the Ka’aba, an ancient site of religious worship

74
Q

What’s the caliph?

A

ruler of muslim community

75
Q

Who’s abu bakr?

A

muhammad’s father in law

76
Q

What did abu bakr do?

A

he spread islam via warfare across the arab peninsula

77
Q

Who’s charles martel the hammer?

A

frankish-carolingian ruler that stopped the muslim invaders in france.

78
Q

Who’s charlemagne?

A

frankish-carolingian ruler that fought to solidify christianity over western europe

79
Q

purpose of first crusade?

A

to recapture holy land from the muslims

80
Q

Who’s pope urban 2?

A

the western catholic pope after the great schism of 1054

81
Q

how did the first crusade help the christians?

A

Crusading forces provided an entirely Christian-controlled path to the holy land for pilgrims to take.

82
Q

What’re imams?

A

islam religious leaders

83
Q

What’s the umayyad empire known for?

A
  1. famous monuments (in medina, damascus, jerusalem)

2. spread islam into northern africa and spain

84
Q

What’s the umayyad capital?

A

damascus

85
Q

What’s the battle of talas river in 751?

A

the umayyads defeat the chinese, opening up silk road trade to muslims

86
Q

how did islamic culture benefit western culture?

A

arabic translations of greek scientific and philosophical writings kept alive Greek thought and tradition that otherwise may have been lost.

87
Q

What’s sanskrit?

A

one of the languages of the aryan people

88
Q

What’re the upanishads?

A

hindu writings that described the rituals to be carried out by Hindu priests as well as the basic concepts of the religion.

89
Q

What’s brahmanis?

A

the universal spirit

90
Q

What’re the basic concepts of Hinduism?

A
  1. Brahman is the universal spirit, and each person has a soul (atman) that will, after a full cycle of reincarnation (samsara), be freed from the physical plane and be reunited with the universal Brahman spirit from which it originated.
  2. Throughout life, one must follow one’s dharma, a set of ethical rules appropriate to one’s class and caste.
  3. karma
91
Q

What’s samsara?

A

a full cycle of reincarnation in hinduism

92
Q

what’s dharma?

A

dharma is a set of ethical rules appropriate to one’s class and caste in hinduism

93
Q

What’s moksha?

A

in hinduism, it’s the process where you become one with the Brahman.

94
Q

What religion flourished during the tang dynasty?

A

buddhism

95
Q

What foreign religion was big in japan?

A

buddhism

96
Q

What’s zen buddhism?

A

based on a Chinese form of Buddhism known as Chan Buddhism.

97
Q

What’re the gospels?

A

The first four books of the New Testament; narratives

of Jesus’s life

98
Q

Other narratives, gospels, and letters of apostles

not included in the New Testament and that not all believers consider authentic

A

THE APOCRYPHA are Other narratives, gospels, and letters of apostles not included in the New Testament and that not all believers consider authentic

99
Q

What’s jihad?

A
  1. sacred struggle
  2. Jihad in times of war could be physical or military combat to expand dar al-Islam, the “abode of Islam,” which could mean either territory ruled by Muslims or wherever Islam is practiced
  3. in daily life, the greater jihad is simply a personal spiritual call to live righteously and struggle for self-perfection
100
Q

hinduism

What’s vishnu?

A

Vishnu The Preserver. A four-armed, blue-skinned major deity who took three steps, thereby creating man, the earth, and heaven

101
Q

hinduism

What’s ganesha?

A

Ganesha The elephant-headed god who brings good luck

102
Q

hinduism

What’s shiva?

A

Shiva The Destroyer. A positive deity despite the name, Shiva symbolizes the cycle of life and death, destruction and creation.

103
Q

hinduism

What’s krishna?

A

Krishna An incarnation of Vishnu as a shepherd boy who appears in the Bhagavad Gita as the Supreme Person, the root of all other gods

104
Q

hinduism

What’s Brahma?

A

Brahma The Creator God. His origins lie in a god from the same Indo-Aryan tradition that gave us the Norse, Greek, and Roman gods.

105
Q

hinduism

What’s Brahman?

A 
Not to be confused with the similarly named priest class
or creator god. Brahman is the World Soul, the transcendent spirit of all things.
106
Q

What’s the Pali Canon?

A

an important buddhist text:
1. They include the code of ethics for followers of Buddha, accounts of Buddha’s life and teachings, and the philosophical underpinnings of Buddhism.

  1. Also known as the tripitaka, the “Three Baskets.”
107
Q

What’s jainism?

A

another indian religion based on hinduism
- Stresses spiritual independence and nonviolence; as a
result requires vegetarianism of its adherents.

108
Q

What’s sikhism?

A

combo of Hinduism and Islam

109
Q

What’s zoroastrianism?

A

An ancient, yet still existent, monotheistic (or duotheistic: one benevolent god, one devil-figure) religion of Persia

110
Q

What’s baha’i the religion?

A

Baha’i faith centers on the oneness of God, of all religions, and of all humanity.

Sat World history (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions