Chapter 5 Flashcards
Fluid mosaic model
The cell membrane is a mosaic of Phospholipids Cholesterol Proteins Carbohydrates
A cell membrane can
Receive external signals
Give cellular responses
Glycocalyx
Nametag of cells that help show that a certain cell belong to the human body
Carbohydrates in the cell membrane such as the glycoprotein and glycolipids
Proteins in the plasma membrane
Receptors
Enzymes
Adhesion
Transport
Integra proteins have _ or more regions that are hydrophobic
1
Hydrophobic amino acids determine which parts of a protein is hydrophobic
True
Knowing the structure of the protein helps see where it inserts into the
Membrane
Ligosaccharide carbohydrates
Exterior of the plasma membrane
Bound to proteins or lipids
Help bind other things
Factors that affect fluidity of a membrane
- phospholipid type
- temperature
- cholesterol
A membrane with _ fatty acids is more fluid
Unsaturated
Cold temperatures_ molecules
Compress
Making them more rigid
Cholesterol
Fluidity buffer
-keeps membrane from getting too firm or too fluid
Cholesterol in high concentration makes a
Lipid raft
Plasma membrane is asymmetrical
Inner surface is different than outer surface
Interior proteins bind
Parts of the cytoskeleton to the membrane
Exterior proteins bind
Extracellular matrix
Glucoproteins
Bind to substances cells need to import
All cells keep an imbalance of Na and K ions between interior and exterior environment
More Na outside
More K inside
Factors that affect diffision
- Concentration gradients
- Mass of molecules
- temperature
- Solvent density
- solubility
- surface area
- Distance
- Pressure
Carrier proteins are
Specific to a substance
Method in which carrier proteins work
- bind
- Change shape
- Carry substance to the other side
Many carrier proteins allow movement in
Either direction
One example are
Glucose transport proteins
Tonicity
How can extracellular solution can change the volume of a cell by affecting osmosis
