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Homework Quiz 8 Flashcards

1
Q

Enhancers are

A

DNA sequences to which activator proteins bind

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2
Q

in thinking about the role in cell division proto-oncogenes are like the blank of a car while tumor suppressor genes are like the blank of a car

A

Gas pedal

brakes

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3
Q

Which of the following statements regarding RNA is false

RNA contains dextrose
one RNA molecule can include four different nucleotides in it’s structure
RNA contains the nitrogenous base uracil

A

RNA does not contain dextrose it contains ribose

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4
Q

Mutations in the p53 gene can lead to cancer by

A

Producing A protein that cannot inhibit cell division

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5
Q

The p53 gene makes

A

Tumor suppressor proteins

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6
Q

Combining DNA from two sources into one piece of DNA is

A

Recombinant DNA

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7
Q

Exons are spliced together in

A

Eukaryotic RNA

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8
Q

The following regulate protein production

A

Breakdown of mRNA
Protein breakdown
Protein activation

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9
Q

Does DNA replication regulate protein production

A

No

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10
Q

the directions for each amino acid in a polypeptide are indicated by a codon that consists of blank nucleotides in an RNA molecule

A

Three nucleotides make up a codon which codes for an amino acid

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11
Q

we would expect that a 15 nucleotide sequence that includes a stop codon at the end (as part of the 15-nucleotide sequence) will direct the production of a polypeptide that consists of

A

4 amino acids.
It consists of four amino acids because the last codon or the stop codon tells the ribosome to stop making protein
The last codon doesn’t make an amino acid

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12
Q

The relationship between DNA and histones is most like

Thread wrapped around the spool

The candy shell surrounding the chocolate and a piece of an m&m candy

An egg yolk inside of an egg

A spoon cradling peas

A

Thread wrapped around the school because the DNA strands wrap around the histones

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13
Q

which of the following options best depicts the flow of information when a gene directs the synthesis of a cellular component

A

DNA to RNA to protein

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14
Q

The expression of the tryptophan operon is controlled by

A

A repressor that is active when it binds to tryptophan.

The tryptophan operon stops making tryptophan when there is too much tryptophan present.

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15
Q

Which is likely to occur in the e coli cells that are grown in milk?

the trp repressor is activated and the cells will produce lactose utilizing enzymes

A

Lactose utilizing enzymes are only produced when there is lactose present.

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16
Q

Activators are

A

Proteins that bind to DNA and turn on operons

And help RNA polymerase bind to a promoter

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17
Q

In the genetic code

A

Many amino acids are specified by more than one codon aka the genetic code is degenerate

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18
Q

Where do transcription and translation occur in prokaryotic cells

A

Transcription and translation occur in the cytoplasm of prokaryotic cells because prokaryotes do not have a nucleus

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19
Q

The transfer of genetic information from DNA to RNA is

A

Transcription

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20
Q

The lac operon in e coli

A

Prevents lactose utilizing enzymes from being expressed when lactose is absent from the environment

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21
Q

Which of the following enzymes catalyzes the production of a strand of RNA from DNA

A

RNA polymerase

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22
Q

A vaccine works by:

Stimulating the immune system

Inhibiting bacterial replication

Preventing the translation of mRNA

Inhibiting viral replication

A

Stimulating the immune system

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23
Q

Which mammal has not yet been cloned and brought through the complete gestation cycle

Human

Cat

Cow

Pig

A

Human

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24
Q

Which of the following statements regarding DNA is false

DNA contains the nitrogenous base uracil

DNA molecules have a sugar phosphate backbone

One DNA molecule can include four different nucleotides in its structure

A

DNA contains the nitrogenous base uracil

DNA contains thymine instead of uracil

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25
Pyrimidines
Thymine cytosine and uracil
26
Purines
Adenine and guanine
27
Which of the following is a function of a TRNA molecule? Joining two only one specific type of amino acid Transferring nucleotides to rrna Recognizing the appropriate anticodons and mRNA Hoping to translate codons into nucleic acids
TRNA joins to only one specific type of amino acid it does not transfer nucleotides nor does it recognize anticodons as TRNA has anticodons and it does not translate codons into nucleic acids as codons are not transfer slated into nucleic acids are translated into proteins
28
if you commit a crime you need to make sure that you do not leave the smallest speck of organic matter from your body if you do the DNA in this material can be amplified by blank subject to genetic analysis and used to identify you as the perpetrator PCR Restriction digest Str analysis
PCR
29
The shape of a DNA molecule is most like
A twisted rope ladder
30
What do restriction enzymes do
Restriction enzymes cut DNA at specific points
31
The term gene expression refers to
How genetic information is used to make proteins It is a process by which genetic information flows from genes to proteins
32
In a prokaryote a group of genes with related functions along with their associated control sequences defines an
Operon
33
a normal muscle cell produces the myosin protein which allows muscles to contract you discover a single muscle cell that has trnas that do not bind two amino acids will the my scene Gene be expressed in this muscle so why or why not
No because if the trnas do not bind two amino acids then translation cannot occur
34
The cloning of Dolly the sheep
Demonstrated that the nuclei from differentiated mammalian cells can retain their full genetic potential
35
Which of the following statements regarding the flow of genetic information is false Transcription occurs in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic Cells polypeptides form proteins that determine the appearance and function of the cell and organism Eukaryotic mRNA is processed in several ways before export out of the nucleus Ribosomes function as factories that quoting the function of mRNA and TRNA
Transcription occurs in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells
36
The tortoiseshell pattern on a cat comes from
X chromosome inactivation
37
Electrophoresis sorts DNA molecules on the basis of their
Size
38
Which of the following takes place during translation the conversion of genetic information from the language of nucleic acids to the language of proteins The conversion of genetic information from the language of proteins to the language of enzymes the conversion of genetic information from the language of nucleic acids to the language of proteins The conversion of genetic information from DNA nucleotides into RNA nucleotides
The conversion of genetic information the language of nucleic acids language of proteins
39
When plasmids are used to produce a desired protein
The desired Gene is inserted into the plasmid and the plasmid is returned to the bacterium by transformation
40
The monomers of DNA and RNA are
Nucleotides
41
Any change in the nucleotide sequence of DNA is called a
Mutation
42
In DNA the amount of adenine is equal to the amount of
Thymine
43
In DNA the amount of guanine is equal to the amount of
Cytosine
44
The polymerous chain reaction relies upon unusual heat-resistant blank that were isolated from bacteria living in hot springs
DNA polymerases
45
Which statement about genomics is false DNA technology limits genomic studies to prokaryotes The first complete genome to be sequenced was a prokaryote whole sets of genes and their interactions are studied in the field of genomics Genes from different species that have analogous sequences suggest similar function
It is false that DNA technology limits genomic studies to prokaryotes as the human genome has been sequenced and animal cells are not prokaryotic they are eukaryotic
46
Which is not a factor that contributes to normal cells becoming cancerous
The production of more effective suppressor Gene products
47
What is proteomics
The study of a full set of proteins encoded by a genome
48
The lac operon of e coli is blank when the repressor is bound to blank
Active lactose
49
Mutations in the proto-oncogene ras and the tumor suppressor Gene p53
Disrupt normal regulation of the cell cycle
50
Which statement regarding skin cells and muscle cells in your body is true skin cells and muscle cells each contain information about muscle proteins and skin color Muscle cells contain information about muscle proteins but not about skin color Muscle cells contain information about skin color but not about muscle proteins Skin cells contain information about skin color but not about muscle proteins
Skin cells and muscle cells each contain information about both muscle proteins and skin color
51
Reading frame
Which nucleotide starts the first codon
52
For each segment of DNA there are blank many possible reading frames
6
53
64 codons code for
20 amino acids
54
P there are blank stop codons
UAA UAG UGA
55
The met codons starts DNA translation
Aug
56
A frameshift mutation is the change in
The reading frame
57
Regulatory gene
Controls when gene expression happens
58
Transcriptomics
Studying mRNA pools
59
Proteomics
Study of all Proteins | Looking at the jobs of proteins
60
Metabolomics
Studying all processes and products that proteins make

Biology (15 decks)

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